Term
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Definition
Beta-lactam (inhibits transpeptidase)
Effective in meningiococcal meningitis, Syphilis, Actinomycosis, C. perfringens and C. tetanus, C. diptheriae, pneumococcal pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
Beta-lactam, Repository form (IM, long lasting)
Effective in meningiococcal meningitis, Syphilis, Actinomycosis, C. perfringens and C. tetanus, C. diptheriae, pneumococcal pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
Penicillinase resistant penicillin.
Effective against S. aureus but not MRSA |
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Term
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Definition
Penicillinase resistant penicillin.
Effective against S. aureus but not MRSA |
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Term
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Definition
Extended spectrum penicillin.
Effective against normal penicillin susceptible pathogens plus better effectiveness against Gm- bact like H. influenzae, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus, Salmonella, and Serratia.
May cause pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
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Definition
Extended spectrum penicillin.
Effective against normal penicillin susceptible pathogens plus better effectiveness against Gm- bact like H. influenzae, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus, Salmonella, and Serratia.
Less risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
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Definition
Extended spectrum penicillin (anti-pseudomonal)
Often combined with beta-lactamase inhibitor and aminoglycoside |
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Term
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Definition
1st gen cephalosporins
Effective against Proteus, E. coli, and Klebsiella (PEcK) |
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Term
| Cefuroxime/Cefotetan/Cefoxatin |
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Definition
2nd gen cephalosporins
Effective against Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Haemophillus, Enterobacter, and N. meningitides. (HEN PEcK)
CefoteTAN and CefoxaTIN can treat anaerobic infections (TAN TIN man doesn't need oxygen) |
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Term
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Definition
3rd gen cephalosporin
Effective against S. aureus, S. pneumo, Gm- infections, N. meningitidis, and Gonorrhea |
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Term
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Definition
3rd gen cephalosporin
Effective against S. aureus, S. pneumo, Gm- infections, and especially pseudomonas. |
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Term
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Definition
| 4th gen cephalosporin. Similar effectiveness to third gen with more beta lactamase resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
Carbepenem (broad spectrum beta-lactamase) effective against Gm+ cocci, Gm- rods and cocci, and anaerobes.
Given with Cilastin which blocks DHP-1
DOC for Enterobacter |
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Term
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Definition
Carbepenem (broad spectrum beta-lactamase) effective against Gm+ cocci, Gm- rods and cocci, and anaerobes
DOC for Enterobacter |
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Term
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Definition
Monobactam, treats infection with Gm- rods only; especially H. influenzae and Pseudomonas.
Useful in Pts that have allergies to beta-lactams. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits formation of D-ala D-ala bonds in cell wall.
Only effective against Gm+
DOC for MRSA
Adv effect: red man syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits Enolpyruvate Transferase (formation of NAM)
Effective against Gm+ and Gm- |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Aminoglycoside, inhibit formation of initiation complex and misreading of mRNA.
Effective against Gm- aerobic infections (Francisella, TB, Yersinia) |
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Term
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Definition
Aminoglycoside, inhibit formation of initiation complex and misreading of mRNA.
Effective against Gm- aerobic infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Aminoglycoside, resistant to inactivating enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Aminoglycoside, very nephrotoxic so use is limited to topical and oral use (not absorbed by the GI system) |
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Term
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Definition
Binds to the 30S subunit of ribosome
Effective against Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Cholera, Mycoplasma, and Lyme
Also Protozoa (Entamoeba, P. falciparum, B. coli) |
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Term
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Definition
Tetracycline (binds 30S subunit of ribosome).
Excreted in feces (useful for Pt in renal failure)
Effective against Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Cholera, Mycoplasma and Lyme. Also Protozoa (Entamoeba, P. falciparum, B. coli) |
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Term
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Definition
Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit.
Effective against drug resistant bacteria like MRSA, VRE, and Multi-drug resistant S. pneumo. |
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Term
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Definition
Binds to 50S subunit of ribosome
Limited effectiveness due to side effects including bone marrow suppression and gray baby syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
Macrolide, effective against Gm+, anaerobes, and atypical pneumonias Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella.
Also diphteria and pertussis. |
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Term
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Definition
Blocks 50S ribosomal subunit.
Treatment for meningitis (H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, S. pneumo)
Also Bacteriodes |
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Term
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Definition
Binds 50S ribosome and prevents ribosomal assembly
Effective against Gm+ bac.
Treats Staph, VRE, MRSA, VRSA |
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Term
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Definition
| Effective against VRSA, and Enterococcus faecium |
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Term
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Definition
Fluoroquinolone (inhibits topoisomerase II), effective against Typhoid fever, Gastroenteritis, and resp infections
DOC for Anthrax |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluoroquinolone (inhibits topoisomerase II), effective against Typhoid fever, Gastroenteritis, and resp infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluoroquinolone (inhibits topoisomerase II), effective against Typhoid fever, Gastroenteritis, and resp infections |
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Term
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Definition
Sulfonamide (PABA antimetabolite, blocks Dihydropteroate synthase)
Often combined with trimethoprim to make Cotrimoxazole.
Treats Pneumocystis jirovici, UTIs |
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Term
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Definition
Sulfapyridine + 5-ASA.
Treats ulcerative colitis and RA. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks DHF Reductase, combined with Sulfasalazine to make Cotrimoxazole |
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Term
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Definition
Forms free radicals in bac cell that damage DNA.
Effective against anaerobes: Bacteriodes, Clostridium difficile, H. pylori, and protozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia, Trichomonas) |
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Term
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Definition
Converted to formaldehyde in acidic conditions of urine. Treats UTIs.
Not effective against Proteus (since it causes alkaline urine) |
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Term
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Definition
| Quickly eliminated in urine. Forms reacitve intermediates that damage bac DNA. Treats UTIs by bac like E. coli, Enterococci, Proteus, and Pseudomonas. |
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Term
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Definition
Similar action to aminoglycoside
Alternative treatment for Gonorrhea in Pt allergic to beta-lactams. |
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Term
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Definition
Macrolide antibiotic
DOC for legionella |
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Term
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Definition
Tetracycline (Binds 30S subunit)
Effective against Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Cholera, Mycoplasma and Lyme. Also Protozoa (Entamoeba, P. falciparum, B. coli)
Also inhibits action of ADH |
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