Term
3 hours
*half of the dosing time fram |
|
Definition
| If a drug is given every 6 hours, how long should the drug last? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What term describes when we are just worried about the level of concentration of a drug? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| With time dependent killing with antimicrobial drugs what are we trying to optimize? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Gram (-) enteric pathogens have optimal clinical outcomes wen the ratio of AUC to MIC is above what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gram (+) bacteria have optimal outcomes when the ratios of AUC to MIC are around what numbers? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| What type of antibiotics are usually safe in pregnant women? |
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Term
Surgery
*cannot use abx on abcesses b/c they cannot penetrate the abcess |
|
Definition
| What type of treatment would you use for an abcess? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of treatment is usually the inital first choice when you want to cover all of the bases? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| What type of infection has multiple organisms? |
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Term
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems |
|
Definition
| What are the 4 beta-lactam antibiotics? |
|
|
Term
| Inhibit cell wall synthesis |
|
Definition
| What is the mechanism of action of all Beta-Lactam antibiotics? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the only type of penicillin used orally? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How long is the half life for penicillin? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What antibiotic is used as first line treatment for pasteurella multocida (animal Bites)? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the most active antibiotic against most strep? |
|
|
Term
Nafcillin
(Penicillinase-Resistant PCN) |
|
Definition
| What type of penicillin is metabolized by the liver? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of penicillins is most active against E.coli, Shigella, Salmonella (gram (-) bacteria)? |
|
|
Term
| Extended-Spectrum penicillins |
|
Definition
| What type of penicillins are destroyed by beta-lactamases and are most active against Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, & Proteus? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Which penicillin can cause hypokalemia and platelet dysfunction? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which penicillin is most active against P. aerug.? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of antibiotics inhibit plasmid-mediated rather than chromasomally-mediated enzymes? |
|
|
Term
| 1st Generation Cephalosporins |
|
Definition
| What type of abx is commonly used for surgical prophylaxis? |
|
|
Term
Gram (+): 1st and 4th generation
Gram (-): 3rd generation |
|
Definition
| Which generation of Cephalosporins is most active against Gram (+) bacteria? and Gram (-) bacteria? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What cephalosporin is active against anaerobes including bacteroidis fragilis? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which generation of cephalosporins are best in penetrating the CSF? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which cephalosporin is most active against P. aerug.? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the drug of choice for a person resistant to penicillins and active against gram (-) bacteria? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the drug of choice for Enterobacter? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the most worrysome side effect of Carbapenems? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the adverse reaction to Beta-lactams that is an allergic reaction that manifests itself in the kidney? |
|
|
Term
Glycopeptides
*ie. vancomycin, teichoplanin |
|
Definition
| What type of abx is effective against MRSA, VRE, VISA, VRSA and is an alternative for PCN allergic patients? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Entry into bacteria is oxygen-dependent for Aminoglycosides, this means it is NOT active against what kind of bacteria? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are Aminoglycosides most active against? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx toxicity causes ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx inhibit DNA gyrase? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx is good against S. pneum. including PRSP but NOT effective against MRSA? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the drug of choice for PCP? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx toxicity causes an allergy known as Steven-Johnson? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx have a GI side effect of increased motility? |
|
|
Term
Macrolides
*Clarithromycin/Azithromycin |
|
Definition
| What abx are used for the treatment of chlamydia urethritis & cervicitis and also have a long HL? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is used in addition to quinolones to treat infections in the mouth, aspiration pneumonia, and pelvic infections? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of abx have toxicity side effects of GI and photosensitivity? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Used to treat C. difficile instead of oral vancomycin b/c it is more effective and cheaper. |
|
|
Term
| Inhibit protein synthesis |
|
Definition
| What is the mechanism of action of Synercid? |
|
|
Term
| Synercid & Linezolid (Zyvox) |
|
Definition
| Which abx is effective against E. faecium including VRE strains? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which antimycobacterial Rx causes an orange discoloration of urine? |
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