Term
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Definition
unique to prokaryotic celss
essential for growth / metabolism
nontoxic to humans |
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Term
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Definition
| cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, cell membrane function |
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Term
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Definition
block crossbridge formation (transpeptidation) during sythesis of the cell wall
results in osmotic lysis
bacteriacodal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
serious allergic response
anaphylatic rxn (1/500) |
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Term
| penicillin resistance mechanisms |
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Definition
common
produce penicillinase
alter structure of the target |
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Term
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Definition
| Gm +, anaerobes, Neisseria and Hemophilus |
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Term
| penicillinase resistant penicillins use |
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Definition
| penicillinase-producing staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis |
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Term
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Definition
Gm +, anaerobes, Neisseria, Hemophilus
Gm - cocci, enterobacteriaceae, absorbed orally |
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Term
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Definition
anti-pseudomonal
Gm - aerobic rods |
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Term
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Definition
anti-pseudomonal
Gm - aerobic rods |
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Term
| first generation cephalosporins |
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Definition
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Term
| second generation cephalosporins |
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Definition
+ Gm-
maintained most Gm + |
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Term
| third gen. cephalosporions |
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Definition
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Term
| fourth gen cephalosporions |
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Definition
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Term
| cephalosporion resistance |
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Definition
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Term
| cephalosporions adverse rxs/toxicity |
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Definition
| hypersensitivity, rash, diarrhea, vaginal thrush, pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
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Definition
| broadest of all b-lactams |
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Term
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Definition
cephalosporion-resistant enterobacteriaceae
polymicrobial infections
anaerobes |
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Term
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Definition
binds to d-alanyl-d-alanine terminus of the pentapeptide side chain
blocks transgylcosylationa nd transpeptidation |
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Term
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Definition
Gm + cocci
not Gm -
Drug of last resort |
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Term
| vanco resistance from _ genes and _ mutation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
blocks dephosphorylation of peptidogylcan-precursor carrier
results in failure to regenerate carrier causing failure to move precursor out of cell |
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Term
| bacitracin use and spectrum |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibitors of protein synthesis |
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Definition
block initiation (30 or 70)
block elongation
prevent peptide completion |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibit initiation by blocking 30S initiation complex formation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| binds to 50S and blocks assembly of 70S ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
tetracycline - short acting
doxycycline - long acting
minocycline - long acting
glycylcyclines - active against cycline resistant strains |
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Term
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Definition
| reversibly binds to 30S subunit to sterically block aminoacyl-tRNA binding at A site |
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Term
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Definition
broadest of all antibiotics
Gm +,-
intracelullar
wallless |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| tetracycline contraindications |
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Definition
harms bone development in fetus
stains teeth brown in children less than 8 years old |
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Term
| chloramphenicol structure |
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Definition
small, hydrophobic
excellent tissue penetration
bone, CSF, tissues with poor blood supply |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks peptide bond formation on 70S ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
second line therapy (potentially serious toxicity problems)
bacterial meningitis
intracellular
anaerobes |
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Term
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Definition
common - dose dependent bone marrow suppression
rare - aplastic anemia (fatal) |
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Term
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Definition
stimulates dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA by blocking peptide exit tunnel
can start protein synthesis, but ends synthesis before a functioning protein can be formed |
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Term
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Definition
Gm + cocci
mycoplamsmas - wall-less
chlamydia |
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Term
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Definition
erythromycin - more GI upset
azithromycin - more active against Gm - enterics
clarithromycin - more active against Gm + |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Gm - enterics
anaerobes
Pneumocystis jirovecii |
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Term
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Definition
| complications from loss of normal flora in GI |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to same site as macrolides but with higher affinity |
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Term
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Definition
| active against most erythromycin resistant strains |
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Term
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Definition
dalfopristin - type a - block peptide transfer
quinupristin - type b - increase dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA |
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Term
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Definition
Gm +
some Gm -
vanco resistant stuff
bone and joint MRSA infections |
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Term
| inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis |
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Definition
block DNA replicaiton
block RNA transcription
Block purine synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits bacterial topoimoerases and promotes DNA cleavage
blocks DNA gyrase
causes supercoiling (- twists) |
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Term
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Definition
Gm -
staph and strep
intracellular and wall less
anaerobes |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits b-subunit of DNA dependent RNA polymerase
blocks elongation |
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Term
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Definition
Gm + bacteria
meningitis treatment and prevention
mycobacteria |
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Term
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Definition
short and medium acting
long acting
gi tract limited
topical |
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Term
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Definition
| high affinity for bacterial enzyme that makes tetrahydrofolic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| widespread - used in combinations |
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Term
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Definition
analog of DHFA
inhibits DNA precursor formation |
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Term
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Definition
with sulfonomides
Gm + cocci
Gm - rods |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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