Term
| what class of drugs is used mainly for roundworm infections such as ankylostoma duodenale (hookworm)? |
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Definition
| drug class: benzimidazole (BZA), which consists of the the drugs: thiabendazole, mebendazole, and albendazole |
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Term
| how do the benzimidazoles work? |
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Definition
| the benzimidazoles such as albendazole *inhibit microtubule polymerization by binding to beta-tubulin*. this causes degenerative changes in the integumental and intestinal cells of helminths - resulting in immobilization and death of the parasite. |
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Term
| what is "mass deworming"? |
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Definition
| the public health concept of distributing antiparasitic drugs such as albendazole to an entire population rather than individually |
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Term
| how can you get better absorption with albendazole? |
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Definition
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Term
| why might mebendazole be a better drug for children? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are two drugs good for ascariasis and enterobiasis? |
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Definition
| pyrantel pamoate and piperazine |
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Term
| what can *ivermectin* be used for? |
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Definition
| mass deworming. it can be used against onchocerciasis (river blindness) as well as strongyloidiasis, head lice, and scabies |
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Term
| what is the caveat with ivermectin? ADRs? |
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Definition
| it works on the larval form, but not the adult - therefore it requires repeat administration. it can also cause encephalopathy. |
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Term
| what drugs can be used to treat thoracic echinococcosis (tapeworm infection - presents with hydatid cyst/sand)? |
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Definition
| *albendazole, mebendazole, and *praziquantel |
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Term
| what is a "sign" of a tapeworm (echinococcus spp) infection? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a "sign" of a tapeworm (echinococcus spp) infection? |
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Definition
| the water lily sign (due to hydatid cyst) |
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Term
| what should be in the ddx for hematuria? |
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Definition
| schistosomiasis - schistosomas hemotoma goes to the urinary bladder and can penetrate the bladder mucus membrane w/its terminal spine |
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Term
| what drug can be used for *schistosomiasis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a parasitic infection due to t. cruzi which can cause megaesophagus, megacolon and cardiac abnormalities/failure. it is transmitted by the triatomine insect or "kissing bug" |
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