The foot has ___ bones, ___ large muscles and ____ + ligaments

What is the function of the anke and the foot?

support and propulsion

What are the bones that make up the foot? lower leg?

1. 5 tarsals (Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, cuboid, medial, intermediate and lateral cuneforms and metatarsals.

2. fibula and tibia

The ____ is the true weight bearing bone of the leg.

tibia

The Ankle joint is anatomically known as the _________ joint and is classified as a _____ joint. It is the articulation of the distal _____ and the ____ bone.

1. talocrual joint

2. hinge joint

3. tibia

4. talus

Ankle ______ aka adduction occurs at the _______ joint, which is the articulation of the ____ and the ________.

1. inversion 

2. subtalor

3. talus

4. calcaneus

This joint is the articulation between the navicular and the talus bones. What joint is described here and what motion does it perform?

1. transverse tarsal joint

2. ankle eversion (abduction)

Metatarsal Phalangeal Joint (MTP/MP)

articulation of the metatarsals and phalangeal joint

Where is the IP located in the toes? What about the PIP & DIPs?

1. Great toe

2. toes 2-5

True or False. The foot is the point of contact with the ground. 

True

What are three things the foot can do?

1. absorb a great deal of shock

2. adjusts to changes in the terrain

3. propel the body forward

There are 3 arches in the foot, what are they?

1. medial longitudinal arch

2. lateral longitudinal arch

3. transverse arch

Medial longitudinal arch

makes up the medial border of the foot (calcaneus - through the talus, navicular & 3 cuneiforms to the first 3 metatarsals)

Lateral Longitudinal arch

runs from the calcaneus, through the cuboid, to the fourth and fifth metatarsals

transverse arch

runs from side to side through the 3 cuneiforms and cuboid

How are the arches maintained?

by the shape of the bones, plantar ligaments, and muscles.

What are the movements that take place at the foot?

1. Dorsiflexion

2. Plantarflexion

3. Eversion

4. Inversion

Dorsiflexion

top of ankle moves towards the anterior tibia

Plantarflexion

ankle and the foot move away from the tibia

Eversion

anle abduction (weight is on the medial edge of the foot) - raising the lateral border of foot

Inversion

ankle adduction (weight is on the lateral edge of foot) - raising the medial border of the foot

toe flexion

toe moves towards plantar surface of the foot

Toe extension

move toe away from the plantar surface of the foot

What are the comparments of the leg?

1. Anterior compartment

2. Superficial posterior

3. deep posterior compartment

4. lateral comparment

What movements take place at the anterior compartment?

Dorsiflexion, ankle inversion and toe extension

1.What are the muscles of the anterior compartment? 2.They are all innervated by the _____ nerve

1. Tibialis Anterior

Extensor Hallucis longus

Extensor Digitorum Longus

2. deep peroneal nerve

The Gastrocnemius, Soleus and the Plantaris are all part of the _______ ________ compartment. What are the motions of these muscles?

1. Superficial Posterior 

2. primarily plantarflexion

These Muscles are all innervated by the tibial nerve. Which one of these muscles is missing in some people?

1.Gastrocnemius

Plantaris

Soleus

2. Plantaris

This muscles of this compartment perform plantarflexion and toe flexion

Deep Posterior Compartment

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment? What is the nerve innervation of these muscles?

1. Flexor Digitorum longus

 Flexor Hallucis longus

Tibialis posterior

2.  tibial nerve

The muscles of the lateral compartment perform this motion

Eversion

What are the muscle of the lateral compartment?

The nerve innervation of the Peroneus longus and brevis is _______, while the peroneus teritus is innervated by the _______.

 1.Peroneus longus, brevis and teritius

2. superficial peroneus

3. deep pereoneal 

1.When you think medial, what motion should you think?

2. The tibialis ______ and _____ work together to create inversion.

inversion