Term
| What are the characteristics of all animals? |
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Definition
| Heterotrophic, multicellular, no cell walls, and sexual reproduction |
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Term
| What are the essential body functions of all animals? |
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Definition
| Feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| 2nd mouth; blastopore=anus; echinoderms and vertebrates |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st mouth; blastopore=mouth; invertebrates |
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Term
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Definition
| Absent Body Plan; Sponges; intracellular digestion; no nervous system; sexual and asexual reproduction (internal fertilization) |
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Term
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Definition
| Acoelomates;Flatworms, turbellorians, flukes, tapeworms; 3 germ layers; bilateral symmetry; cephalization; internal organ systems; most don't need circulatory system; sexually hermaphrodites |
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Term
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Definition
| Pseudocoelomates; Hookworms, roundworms; 3 germ layers; simple nervous systems; muscles function as hydrostatic skeleton; sexual reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| Coelomates; Leeches, oligochates, polychates; segmented bodies (body divided by septa); closed circulatory system; most have developed nervous systems; 2 major body muscles function as hydrostatic skeleton (longitudinal and circular); most reproduce sexually |
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Term
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Definition
| Coelomates; Snails, slugs, clams, squid, octopi; open or closed circulatory systems; sexual reproduction (snails-external fertilization; tentacled mollusks-internal fertilization) |
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Term
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Definition
| Coelomates; Insects, crabs, centipedes, spiders; segmented body; exoskeleton; open circulatory system (malpighian tubes); well developed nervous systems; terrestrial-internal fertilization, aquatic-external fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| Coelomates; Sea stars, sea cucumbers, sand dollars; internal skeleton; radial symmetry; water vascular system; not a highly developed nervous system; external fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| Digestion of food inside cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Food broken down outside cells in a digestive cavity or tract and then absorbed into the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentrations of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animals body |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid-filled body cavity surrounded and supported by muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Structural support inside the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Fertilization inside the body of the female |
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Term
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Definition
| Fertilization outside the body of the female |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does the excretory system of most animals do? |
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Definition
| It rids the body of metabolic wastes while controlling the amount of water in the tissues |
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Term
| How do aquatic invertebrates rid their bodies of ammonia? |
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Definition
| They diffuse the ammonia through their pores |
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Term
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Definition
| Body parts extend from the center of the body (Cnidarians and echinoderms) |
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Term
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Definition
| Have mirror-image left and right sides (Worms, mollusks, and arthropods) |
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Term
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Definition
| Without a coelom; (Ex. flatworms) |
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Term
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Definition
| With coelom; (Ex. annelids, mollusks) |
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Term
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Definition
| False coelom; (Ex. roundworms) |
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Term
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Definition
| Innermost germ layer; develop into the linings of the digestive tract |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle layer; develop into muscles and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory organ systems |
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Term
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Definition
| Outermost layer; develop into the sense organs, nerves, and the outer layer of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid-filled body cavity that is lined with tissue derived from mesoderm. Purpose-increase digestive and reproductive systems, food capacity and digestion, and gamete production |
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Term
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Definition
| Blastula-hollow ball of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Gastrula-development of primitive digestive tract and tissue layers |
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Term
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Definition
| Zygote-fertilized egg, one cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blastocoel and Blastopore |
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Term
| Which invert phylum are vertebrates most closely related to? Why? |
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Definition
| Echinoderms because they are deuterostomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Siphons allow movement; release ink to confuse predators; internal shell; closed circulatory system; internal pen supports body; chromatophores (pigement that helps body change color); large eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| Large surface areas for contact with air or water (kept moist for diffusion to occur); gills bring blood close to surface for gas exchange |
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Term
| Closed Circulatory System |
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Definition
| System in which blood is contained within a network of blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| System in which blood is not always contained within a network of blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerve cells that are more concentrated |
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Term
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Definition
| Sense organs that have special purposes (ex. eyes-sight, light detection, or motion detection) |
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Term
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Definition
| Most invertebrates with bilateral symmetry; different segments specialized for specific functions |
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Term
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Definition
| Zygote divides repeatedly to form a blastula. Protostomes-blastopore develops into mouth; Deuterostomes-blastopore develops into anus |
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Term
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Definition
| All invertebrates except sponges have some tyep of body symmetry; 2 types-radial and bilateral |
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Term
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Definition
| Most invertebrates with bilateral symmetry require movement for feeding, defense, and other functions; evolution trend toward cephalization |
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Term
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Definition
| Most complex animal phyla have a true coelom that is lined completely with tissue from mesoderm |
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Term
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Definition
| Taxis responses-photo:light; hydro:water; thigmo:tough or rough surfaces; geo:gravity; chemo:chemical; Behavior-favors dark more than light; left sandpaper; moves toward higher ground |
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Term
| Com/Con: Phylum Platyhelminthes and Echinodermata |
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Definition
Com: 3 germ layers
Con: Body Symmety: P-bilateral E-radial; Cephalization P-Present E-Absent; Coelom: P-Absent E-true coelom; Early Development P-Protostome E-Deuterostome |
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Term
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Definition
| Coelomate; soft-bodied; specialized sensory cells; sexual and asexual reproduction (external fertilization); jellyfish, hydra, se anemones, and corals |
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