Term
|
Definition
| compares intellectual/ cranial capacity of different animals |
|
|
Term
Charles Hockett (1960)
arbitrariness
displacement
semanticity
syntax
traditional transmission
duality of patterning
productivity |
|
Definition
| who described 7 characteristics of human language and what are they? |
|
|
Term
Gardner and Gardner (1969)
ASL- arbitrary, syntax, and semantics shown |
|
Definition
| Who experimented with Washoe the chimp, and what did they teach him? |
|
|
Term
over a 21 month period, accelerated rate of sign acquisition, getter better
at 51 months, 132 signs
his phrases showed productivity,spontanaiety |
|
Definition
| What was Washoe's progression like with ASL |
|
|
Term
arbitrariness
(Hockett - 7 characteristics of HL) |
|
Definition
| words we create for things that dont exactly tell us what that thing is |
|
|
Term
displacement
(Hockett - 7 characteristics of HL) |
|
Definition
| speak of past and future; not just here and now |
|
|
Term
productivity
(Hockett - 7 characteristics of HL) |
|
Definition
| adding things to language |
|
|
Term
traditional transmission
(Hockett - 7 characteristics of HL) |
|
Definition
| produced by one generation and passed to the next |
|
|
Term
duality of patterning
(Hockett - 7 characteristics of HL) |
|
Definition
| we can take phonemes and produce words, then put words into sentences |
|
|
Term
trained by Savage-Rumbaugh
Comprehends syntax
uses spontaneous phrases
trained on the lexicon board with signals on it |
|
Definition
| describe the experiment with Kanzi the Chimpanzee |
|
|
Term
using keywords, she could form sentences
she requested objects and activities
she had to be accurate in order to get her request
she could recognize valid/invalid sentences - syntax
|
|
Definition
| Explain the experiment with Lana the chimp |
|
|
Term
innate propensity to acquire language; Nim learned 125 signs of ASL; recognized syntax "hug Nim", "brush me";
longer phrases couldnt be learned; couldnt create new words; no growth in mean length of utterance; precuing by researcher caused ASL by chimp (like Clever Hans)
contextual clues -- assoc. learning |
|
Definition
| What did Terrace find with Nim Chimpsky? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mental states we attribute to each other; ability to infer other animals' mental states/ internal states
necessary component for deception |
|
|
Term
Theory of mind
Premack and Woodruff (1978) |
|
Definition
| concept of one's own mind and the mind of others; understanding what another animal thinks and knows |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Up until what age do humans have difficulty understanding others' thoughts? |
|
|
Term
| index used for non-human primates; measures behavior to see if they have a Theory of Mind; recognition of self |
|
Definition
| Mirror Test and Self Awareness Test |
|
|
Term
zero order: no mental terms; respond only to stimuli
1st order: mental terms; animal A knows something
2nd order: mental state of 2 entities; A believes that B believes X is true
3rd order: A wants B to believe that A believes X (deception) |
|
Definition
What are the levels of intentionality?
Dennet (1983) |
|
|
Term
give alarm calls when predators near
subordinate males give false alarm call to cast off other monkeys; this suggests deception |
|
Definition
describe intentionality in Vervet monkeys
deception? |
|
|
Term
0 order: alarm call reflexive in presence of predator
1st: alarm caller; wants other to run into trees
2nd: mental state of 2 entities; caller wants others to think trees safe to go to; save others
3rd: caller wants others to think he believes there is a predator near (deception?) |
|
Definition
| levels of intentionality when dealing with Vervet monkeys |
|
|
Term
| dont look mother in eye after kidnap her baby |
|
Definition
How do Langur Monkeys show deception?
S.B. Hardy |
|
|
Term
one dominant male; female mates with other juvenile males behind rock; then she periodically presents herself to the dominant male which shows intentionality
Estrus = sexually productive |
|
Definition
deception of Hamadrya baboons
Kummer 1982 |
|
|
Term
| fakes broken wing so predator wont go after eggs; flies off when predator comes to attack it |
|
Definition
| How does the Plover (bird) deceive? |
|
|
Term
subordinate males attempt to est. a close bond with adult females by interacting with her offspring; this bond lasts thru female reproductive cycle
abused babies when female not around
result was female attacks male for threatening her babies |
|
Definition
| Social relationships as measures of attribution in vervet monkeys |
|
|
