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Definition
Nucleus
(1) An atom’s central core, containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons. |
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Cytoplasm
(sī′-tō-plaz′-um)
The contents of the cell, exclusive of the nucleus and bounded by the plasma membrane. |
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Mitochondrion
(mī′-tō-kon′-drē-un) (plural, mitochondria)
An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration. |
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Microtubule
A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that make up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells and is found in cilia and flagella. |
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Lysosome
(lī′-suh-sōm)
A membrane-enclosed sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of animal cells and some protists. |
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Golgi Apparatus
(gol′-jē)
An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum and synthesize some products, notably noncellulose carbohydrates. |
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Centriole
(sen′-trē-ōl)
A structure in the centrosome of an animal cell composed of a cylinder of microtubule triplets arranged in a 9 + 0 pattern. A centrosome has a pair of centrioles. |
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Smooth ER
That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes. |
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Rough ER
That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes. |
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