Term
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Definition
- A single species of shrub endemic to New Caledonia that represents the first-branching lineage of flowering plants.
-i.e. All other flowering plants are more closely related to each other than they are to Amborella. |
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Term
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Definition
| 70+ species found almost worldwide, are the second-branching lineage of flowering plants |
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Term
Basal Angiosperm lineages
.lots of?
.often lack?
.formerly grouped with? why? characteristics are?
.relationships? |
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Definition
-Lots of flower parts
-Often lack sepals/petal distinction
They were formerly grouped with ‘Dicots” because of net-veined leaves and 2 cotyledons, but those characteristics are ancestral, not synapomorphies. Eudicots are more closely related to Monocots than either are to basal angiosperm groups. |
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Term
Monocots vs. Eudicots
.cotyledon
.leaf vains
.vascular tissue
.pollen grain
.floral organs
.some monocots and eudicots have
.some structures that look like one ___ are acutally a ____ |
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Definition
1 cotyledon vs. 2 cotyledons (cotyledons= seedling leaves)
Parallel leaf vains vs. Netlike leaf veins
Scattered vascular tissue vs. Vascular tissue in a ring
Fibrous root system vs. Main root present
Pollen grain with one opening vs. pollen grain with 3 openings (this is the only ancestral characteristic that basal angiosperms share with monocots but not eudicots!)
Floral organs in multiples of 3 vs. Floral organs in multiples of 4 or 5
Some monocots and eudicots have highly-modified flower parts that make counting sepals, petals, etc. very difficult.
Some structures that look like one flower are actually a collection of many flowers bunched together. |
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Term
Pollinators:
.bees do most
.butterflies and moths dont
.files can be attracted by
.some flowers even look
.bats need
.humming birds can
.wind pollinated flowers |
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Definition
-Bees do most pollination but many also eat lots of pollen in the process
-Butterflies and moths don’t eat pollen, have longer tongues than bees; moth flowers are usually white and produce scent at night
-Flies can be attracted by fungus smell or, especially, dead animal-like flowers
-Some flowers even look (and smell) like lady-bees, cause males to mate with them
-Bats need sturdy, white flowers, fragrant at night; move pollen long distances
-Hummingbirds can see red, bees can’t; hummingird flowers are usually tubular.
-Wind-pollinated flowers cause most allergies; green flowers with very reduced or missing petals |
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