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anatomy- chapter 5
histology
77
Anatomy
12th Grade
11/16/2009

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Term
vascular
Definition
with blood vessels
Term
avascular
Definition
without blood vessels
Term
tendon
Definition
joins muscle to bone
Term
ligament
Definition
joins bone to bone
Term
osteocyte
Definition
bone cells
Term
chondrocyte
Definition
cartilage cells
Term
dendrite
Definition
receives impulses and transmits toward cell body
Term
axon
Definition
transmits impulses away from cell body
Term
collagen
Definition
strong, flexible and slightly elastic white fibers
Term
elastin
Definition
less strength, more elastic, yellow fibers
Term
synovial membrane
Definition
lines joints
Term
mucous membrane
Definition
lines body cavities and tubes that open to the outside
Term
epithelial tissue
Definition
characteristic of tissue: protection, secretion, absoprtion
Term
connective tissue
Definition
characteristic of tissue: support of soft body parts, binds structures together
Term
muscle tissue
Definition
characteristic of tissue: produce body movement
Term
nervous tissue
Definition
characteristic of tissue: conduct impulses, helps control and coordinate body activity
Term
simple squamous epithelium
Definition
function: exchanges of gases, lines blood vessels
Term
lungs
Definition
location of simple squamous epithelium
Term
simple cuboidal epithelium
Definition
function: secretion and absorption
Term
kidneys
Definition
location of simple cuboidal epithelium
Term
simple columnar epithelium
Definition
function: protection, secretion, absorption
Term
digestive tract and uterus
Definition
location of simple columnar epithelium
Term
stratified squamous epithelium
Definition
function: protects underlying cells
Term
skin, mouth, throat
Definition
location of stratified squamous epithelium
Term
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Definition
function: moves mucus
Term
respiratory passages
Definition
location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Term
stratified cuboidal epithelium
Definition
function: protection
Term
many glands and reproductive organs
Definition
location of stratified cuboidal epithelium
Term
stratified columnar epithelium
Definition
Term
male reproductive organs
Definition
location of stratified columnar epithelium
Term
transitional epithelium
Definition
function: allows for tissue stretching
Term
urinary bladder
Definition
location of transitional epithelium
Term
loose (areolar) connective tissue
Definition
function: forms thin membranes between organs
Term
beneath skin and between muscles
Definition
location of loose connective tissue
Term
adipose tissue
Definition
function: store fat (energy), protective cushion for joints and organs
Term
beneath skin, around kidneys, heart and various joints
Definition
location of adipose tissue
Term
dense connective tissue
Definition
function: to bind body parts together
Term
tendons, ligaments, eyes, skin
Definition
location of dense connective tissue
Term
hyaline cartilage
Definition
function: support and framework (few fibers)
Term
ends of bones, nose
Definition
location of hyaline cartilage
Term
elastic cartilage
Definition
function: support and framework (numerous fibers)
Term
external ears
Definition
location of elastic cartilage
Term
fibrocartilage
Definition
function: shock absorber for structures subjected to pressure
Term
bone connective tissue
Definition
function: provide internal support for the body
Term
bones
Definition
location of bone connective tissue
Term
skeletal muscle tissue
Definition
function: locomotion, movement of body parts
Term
attached to bones
Definition
location of skeletal muscle tissue
Term
smooth muscle tissue
Definition
function: movement of internal organs
Term
walls of many internal organs
Definition
location of smooth muscle tissue
Term
cardiac muscle tissue
Definition
function: pump blood within circulatory system
Term
heart
Definition
location of cardiac muscle tissue
Term
neutoglial cells
Definition
function: find and support nerve tissues
Term
brain, spinal cord, nerves
Definition
location of neuroglial cells
Term
neurons
Definition
nerve cells
Term
cell body
Definition
contains nucleus and most of cytoplasm
Term
cutaneous membrane
Definition
skin
Term
fibroblast
Definition
type of cell found in tissues that produce fibers
Term
intercalated disc
Definition
join and arrange cells in branched, interconnecting networks
Term
macrophage
Definition
scavenger cells, specialized to carry on phago-cytosis cells that come in and destroy other cells by eating them
Term
matrix
Definition
non-living portion of tissues
Term
edema
Definition
tissue fluids accumulate in loose connective tissue and cause it to swell
Term
goblet cell
Definition
epithelium cell that secretes mucus
Term
lacunae
Definition
chambers
Term
canaliculi
Definition
a system of tiny tubes through which nutrients and waste materials are exchanged. "little canals"
Term
cover all free body surfaces, anchored to a connective tissue by a basement membrane, tightly packed, avascular, replaced continuously
Definition
general characteristics of epithelial tissue
Term
squamous
Definition
cells thin and flattened
Term
cuboidal
Definition
cells look like small cubes when viewed in cross section
Term
columnar
Definition
cells look like tiny columns or cylinder; nucleus is found toward base of each cell
Term
simple
Definition
one layer of cells
Term
stratified
Definition
2 or more layers of cells
Term
pseudostratified
Definition
cells falsely appear to be layered, actually only 1 cell layered thick
Term
most abundant tissue in body, not closely packed
Definition
general characteristics of connective tissue
Term
matrix
Definition
the intracellular space, consists of fibers and ground substance
Term
wandering cells
Definition
temporarily appear in tissues usually in response to injury of infection
Term
resident (fixed) cells
Definition
cels that are usually present in stable numbers
Term
myofibers
Definition
muscle cells
Term
basement membrane
Definition
joins epithelial tissue to connective tissue
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