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Anatomy Vocabulary Quiz
Vocabulary for important terms
208
Anatomy
01/15/2011
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Term
ischemia
 Definition
a rate of blood flow to an organ that is inadequate to supply sufficient oxygen and maintain aerobic respiration in that organ
Term
carpal
 Definition
pertaining to the wrist
Term
meatus
 Definition
a passageway or opening into a structure
Term
congenital
 Definition
present at the time of birth
Term
matrix
 Definition
the intracellular substance of a tissue
Term
adventitia
 Definition
outer most epithelial layer of a visceral organ: also called serosa
Term
fossa
 Definition
a depressed area, usually on a bone
Term
dyspnea
 Definition
subjective difficulty in breathing
Term
in vitro
 Definition
occuring outside the body, in a test tube or other artificial environment
Term
metastasis
 Definition
the spread of disease from one organ or body part to another
Term
afferent
 Definition
conveying or transmitting to
Term
hypertrophy
 Definition
growth of an organ due to an increase in the size of its cells
Term
cervical
 Definition
pertaining to the neck or a necklike portion of an organ
Term
brachial
 Definition
pertaining to the arm
Term
foramen
 Definition
an opening in an anatomical structure, usually in a bone, for the passage of a blood vessel or nerve
Term
atrophy
 Definition
a gradual wasting away or decrease in the size of a tissue or an organ
Term
axillary
 Definition
pertaining to the armpit
Term
in vivo
 Definition
occuring within the body
Term
medulla
 Definition
the center portion of an organ
Term
histology
 Definition
microscopic anatomy of the structure and function of tissues
Term
hilum
 Definition
a concave depressed area where vessels or nerves enter or exit an organ
Term
efferent
 Definition
conveying away from the center of an organ or structure
Term
intrinsic
 Definition
situated within or pertaining to internal origin
Term
insertion
 Definition
the more movable attachment of a muscle usually more distal
Term
antebrachial
Definition
pertaining to the forearm
Term
apex
 Definition
the tip or pointed end of a conical structure
Term
edema
Definition
an excessive accumulation of fluid in the body tissues
Term
cephalic
 Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
dysplasia
 Definition
a disordered pattern of growth, most often encountered in epithelia
Term
hiatus
 Definition
an opening or fissure; a foramen
Term
endogenous
 Definition
denoting a product or process arising from within the body
Term
fascia
 Definition
a tough sheet of fibrous tissue binding the skin to underlying muscles or supporting and separating muscles
Term
cortex
 Definition
the outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, as of the kidney or adrenal gland
Term
contralateral
 Definition
taking place or origination in a corresponding part on the opposite side of the body
Term
coxal
 Definition
pertaining to the hip
Term
buccal
Definition
pertaining to the cheek
Term
lumbar
 Definition
pertaining to the region of the loins
Term
gyrus
Definition
a convoluted elevation or ridge
Term
acromial
 Definition
pertaining to the point of the shoulder
Term
fundus
 Definition
the rounded end of a hollow organ farthest from the outflow opening
Term
gluteal
 Definition
pertaining to the buttocks
Term
hyperplasia
 Definition
an increase in organ size due to an increase in cell numbers as a result of mitotic cell division
Term
etiology
 Definition
the study of cause, especially of disease, including the origin and what pathogens, if any, are involved
Term
integument
Definition
the skin; the largest organ of the body
Term
extrinsic
 Definition
pertaining to an outside or external origin
Term
dorsum
 Definition
pertaining to the back
Term
lumen
 Definition
the place within a tubular structure through which a substance passes
Term
femoral
 Definition
pertaining to the thigh
Term
inguinal
 Definition
pertaining to the groin region
Term
gland
 Definition
an organ that produces a specific substance or secretion
Term
fissure
 Definition
a groove or narrow cleft that separates two parts, such as the cerebral hemispheres of the brain
Term
mucous
 Definition
secreting a slimy or mucigenous substance; as the mucous gland. But note that a mucous membrane doesn't have to secrete mucus
Term
mucus
 Definition
the secretory product of mucous glands. a vicous mixture of highly hydrated glycoproteins
Term
necrosis
 Definition
cellular death or tissue death due to disease or trauma
Term
olfactory
 Definition
pertaining to the sense of smell
Term
orifice
 Definition
an opening into a body cavity or tube
Term
origin
 Definition
the place of muscle attachment-usually the more stationary point of the proximal bone;opposite the insertion
Term
parenchyma
 Definition
the tissue that makes up the essential or specialized part of an organ as opposed to the supporting tissue
Term
peristalsis
 Definition
rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of various tubular organs by which the contents are forced onward
Term
plexus
 Definition
a network of interlaced nerves or vessels
Term
retrograde
 Definition
transport in a reverse or backward direction, e.g., from axon to soma in a neuron
Term
senescence
 Definition
the process of aging
Term
sulcus
 Definition
shallow impression or groove
Term
serous
 Definition
serous glands secrete a watery fluid that is often rich in enzymes. Contrast with mucous glands, which produce a highly viscous secretion
Term
tarsal
 Definition
pertaining to the ankle
Term
thoracic
 Definition
pertaining to the chest
Term
trabeculae
 Definition
a supporting framework of fibers crossing the substance of a structure, as in the lamellae of spongy bone
Term
viscera
 Definition
the organs within the abdominal or thoracic cavities
Term
albi-
 Definition
white
Term
andro-
 Definition
male
Term
anti-
 Definition
against
Term
-ase
 Definition
enzyme
Term
bene-
 Definition
good,well
Term
bi-
 Definition
two
Term
cardi-
 Definition
heart
Term
-cule
 Definition
small
Term
derma-
 Definition
skin
Term
exo-
 Definition
out
Term
gastro-
 Definition
stomach
Term
hem-
 Definition
blood
Term
hetero-
 Definition
different, other
Term
homo-
 Definition
same, alike
Term
hydro-
 Definition
water
Term
leuk-
 Definition
white
Term
lute-
 Definition
yellow
Term
macro-
 Definition
large
Term
micro-
 Definition
small
Term
mono-
 Definition
one
Term
neo-
 Definition
new
Term
oo-
 Definition
egg
Term
orbi-
 Definition
circle
Term
ped-
 Definition
foot,child
Term
platy-
 Definition
flat
Term
psycho-
 Definition
mind
Term
retro-
 Definition
backward
Term
semi-
 Definition
half
Term
vaso-
 Definition
vessel
Term
viscera-
 Definition
organ
Term
zygo-
 Definition
union, join
Term
a-
 Definition
absent,deficient,lack of
Term
ab-
 Definition
off, away from
Term
acro-
 Definition
tip, peak
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward, to
Term
adeno-
 Definition
gland
Term
af-
 Definition
movement toward a central point
Term
ag-
 Definition
together
Term
-al
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
algi-
 Definition
pain
Term
allo-
Definition
different, other
Term
amphi-
 Definition
both, either
Term
an-
 Definition
without
Term
ana-
 Definition
up, without
Term
ante-
 Definition
before, in front of
Term
apo-
 Definition
from, away
Term
auto-
 Definition
self
Term
blast-
 Definition
generative or germ bud
Term
brady-
 Definition
slow
Term
callo-
 Definition
thick
Term
capito-
 Definition
head
Term
cata-
 Definition
break down
Term
cauda-
 Definition
tail
Term
chiasm-
 Definition
cross, x
Term
circ-
 Definition
about, around
Term
clast-
 Definition
break down
Term
-cle
 Definition
little
Term
con-
 Definition
with, together
Term
contra-
 Definition
against, opposite
Term
corp-
 Definition
body
Term
de-
 Definition
down, from
Term
den-
 Definition
tooth
Term
dis-
 Definition
apart, away from
Term
dys-
 Definition
bad, abnormal
Term
e-
 Definition
out, from
Term
ec-
 Definition
outside, external
Term
em-
 Definition
in,within
Term
endo-
 Definition
within, into
Term
epi-
 Definition
upon, above
Term
eu-
 Definition
normal, good
Term
-ferent
 Definition
carry,bring
Term
-form
 Definition
shape
Term
gam-
 Definition
united, joined
Term
gen-
 Definition
produce, give birth to
Term
glyco-
 Definition
sugar
Term
hemi-
 Definition
half, partial
Term
hepat-
 Definition
liver
Term
hyper-
 Definition
above,excessive
Term
hypo-
 Definition
below,deficient
Term
im-
 Definition
not
Term
in-
 Definition
not
Term
infra-
 Definition
below,beneath
Term
inter-
 Definition
between
Term
intra-
 Definition
within
Term
iso-
 Definition
equal
Term
-ite
 Definition
little
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
lyso-
 Definition
split apart,break down
Term
mal-
 Definition
bad,abnormal
Term
medi-
 Definition
middle
Term
melan-
 Definition
black
Term
mer-
 Definition
part,partial
Term
meso-
 Definition
middle
Term
meta-
 Definition
after,behind
Term
morph-
 Definition
form,shape
Term
myo-
 Definition
muscle
Term
vivi-
 Definition
life
Term
nephro-
 Definition
kidney
Term
neuro-
 Definition
nerve
Term
olig-
 Definition
few,a little
Term
-oma
 Definition
tumor,mass
Term
op-
 Definition
vision
Term
or-
 Definition
mouth
Term
-osis
 Definition
process, condition
Term
par-
 Definition
birth
Term
para-
 Definition
around,near,beside
Term
path-
 Definition
disease
Term
penia-
 Definition
insufficiency
Term
peri-
 Definition
around
Term
phago-
 Definition
eat
Term
philia-
 Definition
affinity for, abundance of
Term
physis-
 Definition
growth
Term
poly-
 Definition
many
Term
pro-
 Definition
before,in front
Term
pseudo-
 Definition
false
Term
-ptosis
 Definition
dropping,falling
Term
re-
 Definition
back,again
Term
rect-
 Definition
straight
Term
reno-
 Definition
kidney
Term
rete-
 Definition
network
Term
sarco-
 Definition
flesh,muscle
Term
-sis
 Definition
process
Term
soma-
 Definition
body
Term
squamo-
 Definition
scale,flat
Term
stasi-
 Definition
stay the same
Term
steno-
 Definition
narrow
Term
sub-
 Definition
under,beneath
Term
super-
 Definition
above,beyond
Term
sym-
 Definition
together
Term
syn-
 Definition
together
Term
tachy-
 Definition
fast
Term
telo-
 Definition
last,end
Term
tomo-
 Definition
cut
Term
tono-
 Definition
force,tension
Term
trans-
 Definition
across,over
Term
troph-
 Definition
growth
Term
tropic-
 Definition
turning toward,changing
Term
tunica-
 Definition
coat
Term
-ul
 Definition
small
Term
ventro-
 Definition
belly