Term
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Definition
- 2 spongy chamber in penis.
- surrounded by tissue called tunica albuginea.
-contain smooth muslce, fibrous tissue, spaces, vein and arteries.
-upon sexual stimulation, corpora cavernosa RELAX and allow blood to flow in and fill open space>> erection.
-Tunica Albuginea help to trap blood in corpora cavernosa and maintain erection.
- when penis muscle CONTRACT, inflow of blood stopped and outflow of blood is allowed.
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Term
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Definition
•Physiologically, an erection is achieved by two mechanisms that play together: increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow. The vessel system involved is known as the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum. After a signal from the sympathetic nervous system, muscles in the region relax, allowing more blood to enter the sponge-like tissues. Contraction of other muscles reduce the outflow. The enlarged structure then exerts pressures on the exit vein, further reducing the outflow.
•In healthy males, erections occur several times per night during the REM phases of sleep, and morning erections when waking up are common. These are called an "unprovoked erection". It is normal for them to occur 2 to 3 times a week. This is a good sign the erection pathways are functioning well. Erections already occur in infant boys, and in utero.
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Term
| impotence of erectile dysfunction |
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Definition
- inability to have an erection
-maybe caused by prolonged diabetes that damaged nerve or blood vessel.
-have physiological and psychological basis
-common causes is astherosclerosis of arteries feeding the penis, damage of arteries, smooth muscle and fibrous tissue.
-hardening of arteries>> unable to dilate and deliver blood
- psychological: work pressure, financial worries, fear of aging,frustration with relationship, depression and anxiety disorder.
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Term
| How does an erection occur? |
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Definition
1. sensory and mental stimulation.
2. impulse from brain and local nerves cause muscle of corpora cavernosa to relax and allow influx of blood to fill open space. |
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Term
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Definition
| anal and rectum (levator ani) |
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Term
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Definition
superior muscle that attach the penis to the pubic area.
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Term
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Definition
-bulbous vesicle on either side of vagina's sphincter.
-look like spongiosum but does not function the same
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Term
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Definition
-perineal nerve branches off pudendal nerve
-pudental nerve (S2-S4)
-anal nerve also branch off pudendal nerve. |
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Term
| Anal subcutaneous sphincter |
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Definition
- look like 8, with genital on top and anal on the bottom.
-perineal body boundary of vaginal and urethra. |
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Term
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Definition
| -make sure anal canal is closed |
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Term
| Three muscles of levator ani |
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Definition
-iliococcygeus
-pubococcygeus
-puborectalis- constict rectum to prevent fecal from releasing.
(coccygeal muscles go from ischial spine to coccyx tail-wiggle tail)
pelvis diaphram is made of levator ani + coccygeal muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| don't have on women. women have erectouterus punch. |
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Definition
| has pudendal artery and nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| remnant of vas deference on surface of mesentary, connecting ovary and fallopian tube. |
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Term
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Definition
-S2, S3, S4 sacral plexus of pudendal nerve.
-superificia and deep perineal nerve |
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Term
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Definition
1. abdominal examniation with scope. Looks at pounch of Douglas.
2. examination of pelvis.
3. Prostatic examination
4. nerve blocks- pull superficial structure, put perineal nerve to sleep.
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Term
| mesophrenic and Paramesophrenic systems |
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Definition
-Mesophrenic system-- mostly MALE
-paramesophrenic system--Mostly FEMALE.
EXCEPTION:
Eoophoron (cranial mesonephirc tubules)>> Mesophrenic
Appendix of testis, testes in male>> paramesophrenic
ureter >>> mesophrenic.
Trigone (triangole of bladder)>> mesophrenic.
all collecting tube in kidney>> mesophrenic. |
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