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1. How much of the total body weight of the average adult is muscle tissue?
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2. How do different types of muscle tissue differ from each other?
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Microscopic anatomy, location, and type of control
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3. Major functions of muscle tissue…
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Moving blood throughout body, generating heat through contractions, stopping the movement of joints, and promoting movement of body structures
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4. What is the property of muscle that gives it the ability to stretch without damage?
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5. In an isometric contraction the muscle develops tension but does not do what?
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Shorten / does not result in body movement
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6. This is a band of connective tissue that surrounds muscles.
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7. When connective tissue extends as a broad flat layer, the tendon is referred to as what?
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8. For every nerve that penetrates a skeletal muscle there are generally how many arteries and veins?
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One artery and one or two veins
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9. Axon terminal clusters at the ends of neuromuscular junctions are referred to as what?
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10. What is the sequence that muscle action potentials must go through to excite a muscle cell?
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Axon of a neuron, sarcolemma, T tubules
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11. After the fusion of myoblasts the muscle fiber loses its ability to do what?
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12. How are the mitochondria arranged in a muscle fiber?
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13. What are the contractile organelles of the muscle fiber?
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14. What part of the skeletal muscle cell releases calcium when stimulated by the T tubules?
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Terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum
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15. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is used for storing what?
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16. Where are the thin filaments located?
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17. Types of proteins contained in myofibrils:
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Contractile proteins, regulatory proteins, structural proteins
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18. Motor protein in all three types of muscle tissue?
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19. What regulatory proteins can be found on an actin molecule?
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20. Where is titin found in a sarcomere?
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21. Which protein is used to reinforce the sarcolemma?
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| 22. What is the function of a neuroglia or glial cell? |
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| Neuroglia separate and protect neurons, provide a supportive framework for neural tissue, act as phagocytes, help regulate the composition of the intestinal fluid – out numbers the neurons (support neurons) / maintain homeostasis, form myelin and provide support and protection for the brain’s neurons. |
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| 23. Response to a stimulus first involves which process? |
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Detection from the dendrites or cell body / release of ACH
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| 24. Which type of neuron integrates information coming into and out of the central nervous system? |
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| Interneuron / Sensory Neurons carry information to the CNS and Motor Neurons carry information from the CNS |
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| 25. Which cell provides insulation for a neuron? |
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| Oligodendroglia / myelin sheath |
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| 26. Gaps found along the myelin sheath of a neuron are referred to as what? |
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| 27. This chemical facilitates transfer of action potential from one neuron to another or to a muscle? |
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| Neurotransmitters/Acetylcholine (ACH) |
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| 28. What is the structure of a neuron that detects an impulse? |
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| 29. What is a nerve cell? |
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| The basic unit of the nervous system, also known as neuron |
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| 30. What is a junction between the terminal buds of a neuron and dendrites of another neuron? |
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| Synapsis or Synaptic Cleft |
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| 31. Know some nervous system disorder |
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| Cerebral Palsy; Parkinson’s disease |
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| 32. Example of a chemical neurotransmitter |
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Definition
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| 33. Which type of neuron is located in the brain or spinal cord that connects sensory and motor impulses? |
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| Interneurons or intermediate, relay, or associative neurons |
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| 34. What do you call a junction between a terminal bud of a neuron and a muscle? |
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| 35. A neuron that brings impulses to the brain or spinal cord is called what? |
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| Sensory Neuron / Afferent neuron |
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| 36. What occurs when the nerve membrane becomes highly permeable to sodium? |
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| 37. Be able to identify a “resting” polarized axon |
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++++++++++++
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More positive charges on the outside compared to the inside.
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| 38. What is a condition in which the neuron membrane is more positive on the outside? |
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Arrange the following list of randomized events in a reflex arc in the correct sequence: (39-43)
39. Sensory neurons carry impulse to the brain or spinal cord
40. Association neuron integrates the information
41. Motor neuron carries impulse to an effector
42. Sensory receptors detects a stimulus
43. Response occurs in a muscle or gland
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Definition
Arrange the following list of randomized events in a reflex arc in the correct sequence: (39-43)
39. Sensory neurons carry impulse to the brain or spinal cord 2
40. Association neuron integrates the information 3
41. Motor neuron carries impulse to an effector 4
42. Sensory receptors detects a stimulus 1
43. Response occurs in a muscle or gland 5
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| 44. This neuron originates in the brain or spinal cord and effect a response on muscles or glands. |
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| 45. Cells that have the property of electrical excitability. |
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46. Where is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron?
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| 47. What are the components of a nerve fiber? |
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| Composed of an axon, a myelin sheath, and a cellular covering called the Schwann sheath (or neurolemma). |
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| 48. This type of neuron has one main dendrite and one main axon |
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| 49. When do Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons? |
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| 50. Range of the resting membrane potential in neurons |
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