Term
Salicylates
Drug in class
Treats? |
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Definition
Aspirin (ASA)
Mild-moderate pain, OA, RA, decreases platelet aggregation |
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Term
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Definition
A - asthma (bronchospasms)
S - supplements, herbal - can cause bleeding
P - peptic ulcer
I - intestinal blood loss
R - Reye's syndrome
I - issues with liver/hepatotoxicity
N - Noise, tinnitus |
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Term
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Definition
Do NOT give with other NSAIDs
NO USE in 3rd trimester
Avoid foods that contain salicylates: prunes, raisins, curry, paprika, licorice |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Level 15-30 mL/dL
Safe dosage, anywhere from 81-325 mg. |
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Term
Para-Chlorobenzoic Acid
Drugs in class
Treats |
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Definition
Indocin
RA, OA, gouty arthritis |
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Term
Indocin
Side effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
GI upset
Ulcers
Highly protein-bound, watch for toxicity |
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Term
Propionic Acid Derivatives
Drugs in class
Treats
Side Effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Ibuprofen
Pain relief, fever reduction, RA, OA
GI upset, GI bleeding
Take with food; less irritating than aspirin
Do NOT give to a child less than 6 months of age |
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Term
Phenylacetic Acid Derivatives
Drugs in class
Treats
Precautions |
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Definition
Voltaren
RA, OA, joint conditions
Can cause GI upset/bleed-ulcers
Take with food |
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Term
Selective COX-2 Inhibitors
Drugs in class
Treats
Side effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
RA, OA, Dysmenorrhea
Less GI upset, peripheral edema, fluid retention
Use cautiously in renal or hepatic dysfunction or with concurrent anticoagulant therapy. |
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Term
DMARD
Drug in class
Treats?
Precautions |
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Definition
Gold
RA, used when NSAID therapy has been ineffective
Therapeutic effect may take 3-6 months.
Tons of side effects - monitor closely! |
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Term
| Drug used to treat ACUTE GOUT |
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Definition
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Term
Colchicine
Action
Side effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Inhibits the migration of leukocytes to the inflamed site.
GI upset: NVD
Take with food. |
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Term
| Drug used to PREVENT GOUT ATTACKS |
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Definition
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Term
Allopurinol
Action
Side effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Inhibits Uric Acid Synthesis
NVD, Stomatitis, Metallic taste, blood disorders, renal/liver issues, cataracts, retinopathy, and many more!
Monitor labs, esp. URINALYSIS.
NO ALCOHOL
Avoid foods high in purines: organ meat, sardines
Increase fluid intake |
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Term
| Drug used to treat CHRONIC GOUT |
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Definition
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Term
Probenecid
Action
Side effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Inhibits the reabsorption of uric acid and promotes excretion thereby decreasing uric acid levels.
Flushed skin, sore gums, headache.
Increase fluid intake. Avoid aspirin use.
IF on cephalosporin, be aware this medicine will raise the levels of the cephalosporin in the bloodstream. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Tylenol
Side effects?
Treats?
Antidote |
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Definition
Rash, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia
Pain relief, discomfort, reduces fever
Mucamyst |
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Term
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Definition
Max in 24-hr. period: 4000 mg. (4 g)
SAFE dose: 2000 mg (2 g) daily
Normal level in blood: 5-20 mcg/mL
Greater than 50: Toxic
Greater than 200: Hepatotoxic |
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Term
Opioid Analgesic
Side Effects
Antidote |
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Definition
Morphine (MS Contin), for pain relief
M - may vomit
O - "out of it"
R - respiration depression
P - pneumonia
H - hypotension
I - infrequency of urination (urinary retention)
N - nausea
E - euphoria
Antidote: Narcan |
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Term
Synthetic Opioid Analgesic
Side Effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Meperidine (Demerol), pain relief, but not for chronic pain
Hypotension, less side effects than morphine
Careful with older adults bc of neurotoxicity risk |
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Term
Semisynthetic Opioid Analgesic
Side Effects?
Precautions |
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Definition
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid), used for moderate to severe pain
Same side effects as other opioids
Very powerful, 6X more powerful than morphine |
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Term
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Definition
Patient Controlled Analgesia
1 mg. per push.
Lockout after 5 minutes to prevent an overdose.
Give an initial loading or bolus dose.
Continuous dose is called a basal dose. |
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Term
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Definition
Patch
Duragesic (Fentanyl) Patch
Provides continuous "around the clock" pain control for chronic pain.
Comes in various strengths. |
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