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An American Vision
Chapter 8: Key Terms
14
History
11th Grade
01/10/2010

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Term
spoils system
Definition
practice of handing out government jobs to supporters; replacing government employees with the winning candidate's supporters
Term
caucus system
Definition
a system in which members of a political party meet to choose their paty's candidate for president or decide policy
Term
secede
Definition
to leave or withdraw
Term
nullification
Definition
theory that states have the right to declare a federal law invakid
Term
nativism
Definition
hostility toward immigrants
Term
romanticism
Definition
a literary, artistic, ans philosophical movement in the 1700s emphasizing the imagination and the emotions, advocating feeling over reason, innerspirituality over environments created by humans
Term
transcendentalism
Definition
a philosophy stressing the relationship between human beings and nature, spiritual things over material things,and the importance of the individual conscience
Term
utopia
Definition
community based on a vision of a perfect society sought by reformers
Term
benevolent society
Definition
an association focusing on spreading the word of God and combating social problems
Term
temperance
Definition
moderation in or abstinence from alchohol
Term
penitentiary
Definition
prison whose purpose is to reform prisoners
Term
gradualism
Definition
theory that slavery should be ended gradually
Term
abolition
Definition
immediate ending of slavery
Term
emancipation
Definition
the act or process of freeing enslaved persons
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