Term
Greater Siren  |
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family Cryptobranchidae Description: Tiny front legs, like a t-rex, and no hind limbs External gills (bushy, means completely aquatic throughout life) Least derived salamander Habitat: Aquatic Diet: Invertebrate and vertebrates Region: Eastern U.S. |
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Term
3-toed Amphiuma or Congo Eels 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Amphiumidae Description: 1 pair of gill slits (breath with lungs, get gill slits from larvae who originally have external gills) 4 tiny legs, with 3 toes on front feed Habitat: AquatiC (live in water despite lungs) Diet: Invertebrates and vertebrates Region: Eastern U.S. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Salmanders in Family Plethodontidae in General |
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Definition
Lungless salamanders Nasoliabial grooves (lips to nose) Parasphonoid teeth Pronounced costal grooves Vomerine teeth |
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Term
Ensatina  |
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Definition
- Order: Caudata, Family: Plethodontidae
- Description:constricted tail that it can drop, toes overlap if adpressed, large head and eyes
- Habitat: Forest, Talus (boulder field)
- Diet: Invertebrates
- Region: Washington
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Term
Western Red-backed Salamander 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Plethodontidae Description: legs separated by 16 intercostal grooves when adpressed Dorsal stripe 5th toe on hind food 1/3 length of 4th toe (half a pinky, almost pinky-backed salamander) Habitat: Forest, Talus Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Arboreal Salamander 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family Plethodontidae Description: square tipped toes (aid climbing) that overlap if adpressed, brown body with small yellow spots 
Habitat: Forest, Arboreal (spends time in trees) Diet: Invertebrates Region: Western U.S., but not Washington! |
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Term
Olympic Torrent Salamander  |
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Rhyacotritonidae Description: big eyes (larger than distance between eyes and tip of snout, short rostrum) Yellow, spotted, belly Legs don't overlap when adpressed Buttcheek like cloacal slit (square edged lobes) Distinguished from ensatina by unrestricted tail and cloaca Habitat: Aquatic, cold streams Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Rough-skinned newt 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Salamandridae (not salamander!) Description: costal grooves fait or absent, grainy or bumpy skin (smoother with more fishlipe tail when it breeds in water), bright orage/yellow belly contrasts , vomerine teeth form inverted v, heavy and short toes Habitat: Aquatic, Forest Diet: Invertebrates and vertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Pacific Giant Salamander 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Dicamptodontidae Description: Wide head, if neotenic gills short and bushy, stocky lack of traits, keratinzed toes to maintain grip in cold streams, large and fat (biggest salamander in NW), indistinct costal grooves, vertically thick tail Habitat: Aquatic, cold streams Diet: Invertebrates, vertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Northwestern Salamander 
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Definition
Order: Caudata, Family: Ambystomatidae Description: Prominent costal grooves, large parotid glands and large poison glands (by costal grooves, on back and tail) Habitat: Aquatic, Forest Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Long-toed Salamander
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Definition
| Order: Caudata, Family: Ambystomatidae Description: prominent costal groovers, dorsal stripe irregular and broken, long toes, rear 4th toe longer than sole of foot (absent nasolobial groove) Habitat: Aquatic, forest, or grassland Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Tiger Salamander 
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Definition
| Order: Caudata, Family: Ambystomatidae Description: prominent costal grooves, toes wide at base and taper to points, pair tubercles on hind feet Adults and larva--> fishy tail, dread like gills, mottled skin Habitat: Aquatic, grassland Diet: Invertebrates, vertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
| Pacific (or coastal) tailed frog |
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Leiopelmatidae Description: no external eardrum (adapted to quick moving streams), long legs but little webbing in toes, out toe on hind foot thicker than inner toes, males have tail-like cloaca for internal fertilization Habitat: Forest, grasslands Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Pacific Tree (Chorus) Frog  |
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Hylidae (Tree Frog) Description: Long, slender legs, black racing stripe from snout to shoulders Adhesive pads on toe tip and intercalary carilage in each toe, outermost toes thicker than other toes Tadpoles: have suction discs for fast flowing water Habitat: Forest, Grasslands Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Great Basic Spadefoot  |
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Bufonidae Description: Rough skin, no parotid glands (gross glue shit) but has ability to release pockets of ooze, short legs with tubercle/spade on hind feet, light vertebral stripe Habitat: Forest, Grasslands Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Western Toad 
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Bufonidae (True toad) Description: Rough skin, large oval parotid glands (behind "ear" area 2 tubercles on hind feet, light vertebral stripe Habitat: Forest, grasslands Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Columbia Spotted Frog 
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Ranidae Description: Dorsolateral folds, Black spots have blurred, irregular edges (often with lgiht edges), look like flower shaped doughnuts, longer webbed toes Habitat: Aquatic, Grassland Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Leopard Frog  |
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Ranidae Description: Last 1-2 joints of hind toes free of weibbing, defines black oval blotches with light borders Habitat: Aquatic, Grassland Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Red-legged Frog
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Ranidae Description: Last 1-2 joints of toes free of webbing, reddish speckled spray-paint wash Habitat: Forest Diet: Invertebrates Region: Washington |
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Term
Bullfrog 
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Definition
| Order: Anura, Family: Ranidae Description: large eardrum partially surrounded by fold of skin, no dorsolateral folds Habitat: Aquatic Diet: Invertebrates, vertebrates, anything it sees Region: Eastern U.S., introduced to Washington |
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