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Amino Acids
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29
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01/29/2017
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Term
List conditional amino acids.
 Definition
taurine
Term
List essential amino acids
 Definition
Histidine
isoleucine
leucine
lysine
methionine
phenylalanine
threonine
tryptophan
Term
list non essential amino acids
 Definition
alanine
arginine
asparagine
aspartic acid
carnitine
cysteine
cystine
gaba
glutamic acid
glutamine
glycine
ornithine
proline
serine
theanine
tyrosine
valine
Term
....in the developing brain, the concentration of this amino acid is four times that in the adult brain. It is a major inhibitory, sulfur amino acid and is most concentrated in the heart. It modulates heart muscular contractility and rhythms. At sites of greatest seizure activity in the brain, it was found to be in low concentrations and does help people with tics or other spastic conditions.
 Definition
taurine
Term
... an inhibitory neurotransmitter, it is found throughout the central nervous system. This amino acid is hepful for pain, stress, anxiety, depression, and stress-induced illnesses. Of all the brain synapses, 40 to 50% of them contain this amino acid. It further works to slow down messages of pain, anxiety, and stress.
 Definition
gaba
Term
... this amino acid ultimately breaks down into serotonin, which helps us feel calm, relaxed, and in control. It is one of the few substances capable of passing the blood brain barrier. When combined with tyrosine, especially at bedtime, it can mimic the effect of most anti-depressants.
 Definition
tryptophan
Term
... this amino acid is involved in energy prodcution and is helpful after surgery, traumas, sepsis, and wounds. It stimulates insulin production and blood sugar regulation. Parkinson's patients have shown improvement from supplementation.
 Definition
Leucine
Term
...synthesized from glycine, it is involved in DNA synthesis. This amino acid also acts as an immunosuppressive, making it hepful in autoimmune diseases. It enhances the function of the aging brain and is used for mild to moderate deterioration of cognitive function. One study confirmed it to benefit Alzheimer's patients.
 Definition
serine
Term
... This amino acid is derived from green tea leaves. It plays a role in the creation of the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, and has an effect of the release of dopamine and serotonin. It also stimulates the production of alpha waves in the brain.
 Definition
theanine
Term
... the growth and repair of muscle tissues involves this amino acid. It helps to reduce the incidence of herpes outbreaks and stimulates the absorption of calcium and reduces calcium loss, helping with osteoporosis.
 Definition
lysine
Term
... athletes often combine this amino acid with other amino acids to stimulate muscle mass while decreasing body fat. It stimulates the release of growth hormones in addition to supporting wound healing and promoting liver regeneration. It is also involved in the metabolism of ammonia and its removal.
 Definition
ornithine.
Term
... one of the sulfur containing amino acids, this is a detoxifying agent and assists in the removal of heavy metals from the body. It stimulates the formation of glutathione that helps neutralize aceteminophen poisoning. It protects the body from radiation and with supplementation, helps lower histamine levels in the body.
 Definition
Methionine
Term
... This amino acid plays a role in the central nervous system for proper functioning and biochemical balances in the brain. It modulates acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
 Definition
Asparagine
Term
... heavy metals, such as mercury, lead, and cadmium, will tie up or bind to this amino acid to be removed from the body, making it a good detoxifier. It is also necessary for the utilization of Vitamin B6 and isued in the treatment of excess mucus and for sinus drainage.
 Definition
cysteine
Term
... signs of deficiency of this amino acid include dizziness, headaches, fatigue, muscle tremors, depression, confusion, and irritability. It is also helpful for chronic renal failure patients.
 Definition
isoleucine
Term
... helping spasticity and seizures, this amino acid is involved in behaviors related to convulsions and retinal function. It helps trigger brain cells to fire electric charges and speed learning. It can also remove heavy metals, like lead, from the body, and it is sweet to the taste, so it can be used as a sweetener and to decrease cravings for sugar.
 Definition
glycine
Term
... synthesized from lysine and methionine in the liver, major sources of this amino acid are found in meat, especially organ meats. Deficiency symptoms include lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscles, heart muscle, and liver. It regulates fat burning in the body, and normal cardiac function is dependent on adequate maounts.
 Definition
carnitine
Term
... this amino acid is a component of connective and skeletal tissue, digestive enzymes, insulin, and hair keratin. If Vitamin C is not present, it will convert into another amino acid.
 Definition
cystine
Term
... this is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, and cellular energy depends directly on this amino acid. It is a stimulator of the thymus gland immune system. Irregularities of serotonin may be due to low levels of it. The absorption of minerals across the intestinal lining also require it.
 Definition
aspartic acid
Term
.... this is a precursor of tyrosine and converts to it in the liver. The formation of the thyroid hormone requires this amino acid. It helps give a positive, uplifting effect on the mood, alertness, and ambition and also helps to increase the levels of norepinephrine in the brain.
 Definition
phenylalanine
Term
... this amino acid acts as a brain ammonia detoxifier. Elevated levels may be present in some schizophrenics, epileptics, and petients with gout. It may also serve as a protective mechanism against heart muscle deterioration.
 Definition
asparagine
Term
... the body requires this amino acid for proper digestion, intestinal tract function, and for formation of collagen, elastin, and tooth enamel. The highest concentrations are found in the heart, central nervous system, and skeleal muscles. Vegans are at the highest risk for a deficiency due to low levels of this in vegetables and grains.
 Definition
Threonine
Term
... the highest concentrations of this amino acid are found in the muscles. During hypoglycemia, it provides an alternative source of glucose from the liver. It also functions in prostate health.
 Definition
alanine
Term
... this amino acid is vital for muscle health. Drug addicts and alcoholics often have major deficiencies of this, and there are benefits with supplementation to degenerative neurological disorders. It is also needed by trauma and burn patients.
 Definition
valine
Term
... needed in large amounts by infants, this amino acid is also necessary for the maintenance of the myelin sheaths of the nerves. It has vasodilating and mild anti-inflammatory properties.
 Definition
histadine
Term
... this amino acid is required for the formation of collagen, but vitamin C must be present. The body can manufacture thsi form ornithine or glutamic acid.
 Definition
proline
Term
... Dr. Gelenberg, at Harvard Medical School, determined this amino acid to be more effective than antidepressants for the relief of depression. It is the stress amino acid and is the first breakdown product of phenyalanine.
 Definition
tyrosine
Term
... this amino acid prevents clotting without increasing the risk of hemorrhagic strokes and is used as an alternative to aspirin and other anti-coagulants. It is further used for sexual enhancement and provides materials available for herpes replication.
 Definition
arginine
Term
... the third most abundant amino acid in the blood and brain, it acts as a precursor for GABA and crosses the blod-brain-barrier, increasing energy and mental alertness. Its most important function is strengthening the immune system. With supplementation, systemic infections decreased by up to 80%.
 Definition
glutamine
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