Came in all waves

not all from same place

different languages

different types of judaism

they thought they pressured pilot to kill jesus

blamed for plague/ muslim crusades etc.

jews had money b/c they believed in collecting interest

european jewish exclusion

not allowed to vote/ hold office

not allowed to go to school

forced to live in ghettos, locked in at night

3000

voluntary

push: spanish inquisition 1492

New Amsterdam, Philly, NY

Model immigrants

first wave

300,000

settle in frontier

become peddlers

1880-1920

"new immigrants"

eastern european jews/ italians

weird religion

no skill

pull: industrial revolution

no english

all from southern/eastern europe

russian jewish women were forced to have sex with a russian man after marrying a jewish man in hope that she would have a russian baby

State-sponsored genocide agaisnt jews

burn ghettos

force jews to dig graves and bury them alive

ONE MILLION DIE

settle in lower east side

1 million come

speak yiddish

most are poor

tenements: live and work

sweat shops: work but dont live

5 day week 8 hours a day

child labor laws created

Jewish Reactions WWII

got invloved successfully in politics and created voting blocks, pushed america to help jews

unsucessfully tried to obtain refugee status for jews

6 million in US, 5 million in Israel

orthodox- 11%

reform-35%

conservative-26%

26,000

bring wine/ citrus

teach children english

7 million

70%from 1880 return to italy after 5 years

then italy goes to hell and they bring families over

357,000

3%

1910

2%

1890

164,000

Reform and Control Act

Reagan

makes it so immigrants can't work

burden of proof on employers

what we have today

700,000/year

more exclusions through visas

divided into two parts

citizenship and immigration services

fiancee visa

can work

student visa

non-immigrant

greencard permanent resident

can't vote, that's it

first wave of cuban immigrants

model immigrants

granted refugee status and allowed to work

Cuban Refugee Proigram

lends 1.2 billion to cubans, paid back in five years

settle in miami and union, NJ

500,000

push, castro lied about what he was going to do

granted same rights as golden exiles, given jobs by golden exiles

marielitos- no skill

125,000

fuck everything up for cubans

boat cubans

1980-today

wet feet/ dry feet act