Term
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
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Definition
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus
S/SX: fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue
Dx: blood test or saliva screening test
Tx: oral antiretroviral drugs taken in combination
treatment to slow progress; no cure |
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Term
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Definition
chlamydia trachomatis, a gram-negative coccus bacterium
S/SX: men: painful urination with burning and itching; thin, watery discharage from the urethra; some have no symptoms
women: frequently have no symptoms or slight vaginal discharge
Dx: smear of discharge from urethra (men) or cervix (women) is stained and examined under a microscope
Tx: oral antibiotic drug
most common sexually transmitted disease; aka nongonococcal urethritis |
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Term
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Definition
herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2
S/Sx: men: vesicular lesions on the penis, scrotum, perineum, or anus; flu-like symptoms or no symptoms at all
women: same, on vulva, perineum, anus, or vagina
Dx: culture grown from swab or a lesion, polymerase chain reaction test
Tx: topical and oral antiviral drugs shorten the duration of each outbreak |
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Term
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Definition
human papillomavirus (HPV)
S/Sx: men: itching, flesh-colored, irregular lesions that are raised and cauliflower-like
women: same, with vaginal discharge
Dx: visual examination of the skin of the genital area; in women, a pap smear of the cervix is examined under the microscope
Tx: topical chemicals or cryosurgery, cautery, or laser to remove warts
aka veneral warts |
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Term
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Definition
neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gram-negative diplococcus bacterium aka gonococcus (GC)
S/Sx: men: painful urination, thick yellow discharge from the urethra (gonococcal urethritis), some men have no symptoms
women: painful urination, thick yellow vaginal discharge, half of infected women show no symptoms
Dx: gram stain of a smear of the discharge shows characteristic gram-negative intracellular diplococci under a microscope
Tx: oral antibiotic drug
aka "the clap" |
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Term
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Definition
treponema pallidum, a spirochete bacterium
S/Sx: men: single, painless chancre on the penis, followed by fever, rash, and various symptoms that mimic other diseases
women: same, with a chancre on female genitalia
Dx: fluid from a lesion viewed with special illumination under darkfield microscopy shows the spiral bacterium, blood tests for antibodies
Tx: oral antibiotic drug
aka "leus" |
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Term
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Definition
trichomonas vaginalis, a protozoan with a flagellum
S/Sx: men: almost no symptoms
women: greenish-yellow frothy or bubbly vaginal discharge with a foul odor, itching of the vulva and vagina
Dx: wet mount preparation of the vaginal discharge examined under a microscope, culture of the discharge
Tx: oral antiprotozoal drug |
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