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| fundamental counting principle for two events |
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| if one event can occur in m ways and another event can occur in n ways, then the number of ways that both events can occur is m x n |
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| fundamental counting principle for three or more events |
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| the fundamental counting principle can be extended to three or more events; for example, if three events can occur in m, n, and p ways, then the number of ways that all three events can occur is m x n x p |
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| permutations with repetition |
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| a selection of r objects from a group of n objects where the order is not important |
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| for any positive integer n, the binomial expansion of (a+b)2 is: (a+b)n=nC0anb0+nC1an-1b1+nC2an-2b2+...+nCna0bn; each term in the expansion of (a+b)n has the form nCran-rbr where r is an integer from 0 to n |
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| a number from 0 to 1 that indicates the likelihood an event will occur |
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| theoretical probablity P(A)= |
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(number of outcomes in event A)/(total number of outcomes) |
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| odds in favor of event A= |
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| (number of outcomes in A)/(number of outcomes not in A) |
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| (number of outcomes not in A)/(number of outcomes in A) |
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| experimental probability P(A)= |
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| (number of trials where A occurs)/(total number of trials) |
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| probabilities that are found by calculating a ratio of two lengths, areas, or volumes |
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