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AHS 102 Medical Terminology
Unit 1 vocabulary
162
Medical
Undergraduate 1
01/14/2012

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Term
adenoma
Definition
a benign tumor that arises in, or resembles, glandular tissue
Term
adenomalacia
Definition
abnormal softening of a gland
Term
adenosclerosis
Definition
the abnormal hardening of a gland
Term
adenosis
Definition
any disease of condition of a gland
Term
albin/o
Definition
white
Term
-algia
Definition
pain and suffering
Term
alopecia
Definition
also known as baldness; partial or complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp
Term
anatomic position
Definition
describes the body assuming that the individual is standing in the standard position
Term
anatomy
Definition
the study of the structures of the body
Term
angi/o
Definition
blood vessel
Term
anterior
Definition
front
Term
aplasia
Definition
the defective development, or congenital absence, of an organ or tissue
Term
appendectomy
Definition
surgical removal of appendix
Term
arteri/o
Definition
artery
Term
arteriomalacia
Definition
the abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
Term
arterionecrosis
Definition
the tissue death of an artery or arteries
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
abnormal hardening of an artery or arteries
Term
arteriostenosis
Definition
abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
Term
arthr/o
Definition
joint
Term
ather/o
Definition
plaque, fatty substance
Term
cyan/o
Definition
blue
Term
-ectomy
Definition
surgical removal of
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
gastr/o
Definition
stomach
Term
-gram
Definition
a picture or record
Term
-graphy
Definition
the process of producing a picture or record
Term
hepat/o
Definition
liver
Term
inter-
Definition
between, among
Term
intra-
Definition
within, inside
Term
laryng/o
Definition
larynx, throat
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
melan/o
Definition
black, dark
Term
mucos/o
Definition
mucus
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle
Term
myc/o
Definition
fungus
Term
myel/o
Definition
spinal cord, bone marrow
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney
Term
neur/o
Definition
nerve, nerve tissue
Term
-ologist
Definition
specialist
Term
-ology
Definition
the study of
Term
-osis
Definition
abnormal condition, disease
Term
ot/o
Definition
ear, hearing
Term
rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
-rrhage
Definition
bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge
Term
-rrhaphy
Definition
surgical suturing
Term
-rrhea
Definition
flow or discharge
Term
-rrhexis
Definition
rupture
Term
-stenosis
Definition
abnormal narrowing
Term
sub-
Definition
under, less, below
Term
supra
Definition
above, upper, excessive
Term
xer/o
Definition
dry
Term
blepharoplasty
Definition
also known as lid lift, the surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing excess fat, skin, and muscle
Term
botox
Definition
formulation of botulinum toxin type A
Term
bulla
Definition
Term
bulla
Definition
a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter
Term
burn
Definition
injury to body tissues caused by heat, flame,electricity, sun,chemicals, or radiation
Term
1st degree burn
Definition
no blisters, superficial damage to the epidermis
Term
2nd degree burn
Definition
blisters, damage to the epidermis, and dermis
Term
3rd degree burn
Definition
damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, and possibly also the muscle below
Term
callus
Definition
a thickening part of the skin on the hands or feet caused by repeated rubbing
Term
cardiologist
Definition
heart specialist
Term
caudal
Definition
toward the lower part of the body
Term
cephalic
Definition
toward the head
Term
cauterization
Definition
the destruction of tissue by burning
Term
chemabrasion
Definition
also known as chemical peel, use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of skin to treat acne scaring, fine wrinkling, and keratoses
Term
combining form
Definition
word root with a vowel at the end so that a suffix beginning with a consonant can be added
Term
combining vowel
Definition
used when the suffix begins with a consonant
Term
contusion
Definition
an injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain
Term
coronal
Definition
vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Term
cranial
Definition
pertaining to the skull
Term
cryosurgery
Definition
destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells,
Term
cuticle
Definition
narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root, protecting the new keratin cells as they form. (little skin)
Term
cytology
Definition
the study of the cell
Term
dermatitis
Definition
inflammation of the skin
Term
dermis
Definition
thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis
Term
diaphoresis
Definition
profuse sweating
Term
distal
Definition
farthest from the midline
Term
dorsal
Definition
pertaining to the back side
Term
dysplasia
Definition
abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs
Term
ecchymosis
Definition
also known as bruise, a large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin
Term
eczema
Definition
persistant or recurring skin inflammation. usually characterized by redness, itching, dryness.....
Term
epidemic
Definition
sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area
Term
epidermis
Definition
outermost layer of skin
Term
erythema
Definition
redness of the skin due to capillary dilation
Term
etiology
Definition
study of the causes of disease
Term
fissure
Definition
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin
Term
fistula
Definition
an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs, or leading from an organ to the surface of the body
Term
frontal
Definition
front part
Term
functional disorder
Definition
produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
Term
gangrene
Definition
tissue death, caused by lack of circulation
Term
gastralgia
Definition
stomach pain
Term
gastrectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the stomach
Term
gastritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach
Term
gastrosis
Definition
disease of the stomach
Term
geriatrician
Definition
a physician who specializes in the care of older people
Term
geriatrics
Definition
the study of the medical problem and care of the aged
Term
hematoma
Definition
usually caused by an injury,a swelling of clotted blood trapped in tissues
Term
hepatitis B
Definition
a bloodbourne disease that is transmitted through contact with blood and other body fluids that are contaminated with this virus.
Term
hirsutism
Definition
the presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern
Term
histology
Definition
the study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
Term
horizontal plane
Definition
a flat crosswise plane, such as the horizon
Term
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Definition
transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids, particularly through sexual intercourse with an infected partner
Term
hyperhidrosis
Definition
condition of sweating in one area or over the whole body
Term
hyperplasia
Definition
incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
a general increase in the bulk of a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size but not in the number of cells to the tissues
Term
iatrogenic illness
Definition
unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment
Term
idiopathic disorder
Definition
an illness without known cause
Term
impetigo
Definition
a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children. this condition is characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
Term
internist
Definition
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the internal organs and related body systems
Term
laceration
Definition
a torn or jagged wound, or an accidental cut wound
Term
lateral
Definition
the direction toward or nearer to the side and away from the midline
Term
lesion
Definition
pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
Term
lunula
Definition
pale,half moon shaped region at every nail root that is generally most easily seen in the thumbnail
Term
macule
Definition
discolored, flat spot that is less than 1cm in diameter. ex freckles, moles
Term
medial
Definition
near the midline
Term
midsagittal
Definition
divides the body into equal left and right halves
Term
moh's surgery
Definition
a technique used to treat skin cancer. Individual layers of cancerous skin tissue are removed and examined under a microscope one at a time until all cancerous tissue has been removed
Term
myopathy
Definition
any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
Term
myoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of muscle
Term
myorrhaphy
Definition
surgical suturing of a muscle wound
Term
myorrhexis
Definition
rupture of a muscle
Term
myotomy
Definition
surgical incision into a muscle
Term
neuroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a nerve
Term
necrotizing facitis
Definition
severe infection caused by flesh eating bacteria
Term
neonate
Definition
newborn infant
Term
neuritis
Definition
inflammation of nerves
Term
otorhinolaryngology
Definition
study of the ears, nose, and throat
Term
obstetrician
Definition
a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter.
Term
noscomial infection
Definition
disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
Term
neurotomy
Definition
surgical incision of a nerve
Term
neurorraphy
Definition
surgical suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
Term
papule
Definition
a small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus. ex. insect bite
Term
pathology
Definition
the study of disease
Term
pediculosis capitis
Definition
an infestation with head lice
Term
pediculosis corporis
Definition
infestation with body lice
Term
pediculosis pubis
Definition
infestation with lice in the pubic hair and pubic region
Term
pelvic
Definition
space formed by the hip bones and it contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems
Term
perinatal
Definition
refers to the time and events surrounding birth
Term
physiology
Definition
the study of the functions and structures of the body
Term
plaque
Definition
scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules.
Term
port-wine stain
Definition
a large, reddish purple discoloration of the face or neck
Term
proximal
Definition
beginning of body structure; closer to midline
Term
pruritis
Definition
itching
Term
psoriasis
Definition
skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks
Term
purpura
Definition
appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin
Term
rhytidectomy
Definition
facelift; surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face
Term
sclerotherapy
Definition
used in the treatment of spider veins
Term
sebaceous cyst
Definition
closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that is found just under the skin.
Term
sexually transmitted diseases
Definition
infections that affect both males and females. These conditions are commonly spread through sexual intercourse or other genital contact.
Term
strawberry hemangioma
Definition
soft, raised, dark reddish purple birthmark
Term
suffix
Definition
indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. always comes at the end of the word
Term
superior
Definition
above
Term
thoracic
Definition
pertaining to the thoracic cavity
Term
tinea pedis
Definition
athelete's feet
Term
transverse
Definition
in crosswise direction
Term
tuberculosis
Definition
infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs; however it can also affect other parts of the body
Term
ulcer
Definition
an open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss around the edges
Term
unguis
Definition
fingernail or toe nail
Term
ventral
Definition
front side of the body
Term
wheal
Definition
also known as a welt; small bump that itches
Term
word root
Definition
contains the basic meaning of the term
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