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| cultures in which there are strong norms indicating that aggression is inappropriate respons to insults to ones honor. Jealousy is a powerful determinant of aggression. |
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| the traits as sitatuional sensitivties model. A view suggesting that many personality traits funtion in a threshold like manner, influencing behavior only when situations evoke them. The tendency to behave aggressively will only influence overt behavior when situational factors are strong enough to activate it. Personal dispositions and trait do influence aggression, but not directly. |
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| extremly competetive, always in a hurry, irritable and aggressive |
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| a pattern consiting of the absence of characteristics assoicated with the type A pattern |
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| a pattern consiting of the absence of characteristics assoicated with the type A pattern |
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| aggression in which the prime objective is inflicting some kind of harm on the vitcim |
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| aggression in which the primary goal is not to harm the victim but rather attainment of some other goal- for example access to valued resources |
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| excessive self love, holding an overinflated view of ones own virtues or accomplishments- LINKED TO AGGRESSION. They think they are the victim because of their inflated self image |
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| people in high sensation impulsiveness experience anger and hostility easier because their feelings are more easily aroused. They get bored easily and seek thrill may lead them to hostile throughts 1.They are attracted to situations that seek elicit aggression which they find exciting. 2.More likely to experience anger and hostility 3.focus on immediate rather than delayed consequences |
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| Gender differences in aggression |
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| 1. males are more likely to perform aggressive actions even when they havent been provoked-when provacation is present gender difference is irrelevant 2.males direct aggression to target, females indirect aggression (spreading rumors) 3. be aggressive can be a "social plus" conferring high status and appeal |
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| combine high levels of aggression with prosocial relationship boosting actions. This is successful in gaining access to valued rewards (high status, approval from others). Seen equally in both genders |
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| combine high levels of aggression with prosocial relationship boosting actions. This is successful in gaining access to valued rewards (high status, approval from others). Seen equally in both genders |
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| alochol impairs cognitive functions of higher order, such as evaluation of stimuli and memory = aggression. |
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| a pattern of behavior in which one individual is chosen as the target of repeated aggression by one or more others, the victim generally has less power than those who engage in aggression. the desire to be apart of a powerful group or depression/ low self esteem. being higly aggressive will bring them high levels of self respect |
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| steps to reducing bullying |
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1. Bullying has to be seen as a serious problem to parents, techers, students, prisoners, guards ect.
2. if bullying occurs, authority figures must draw attention to it and take a stand
3. potentional victims must be provided with direct means for dealing with bullying, should be told what to do and who to see when it occurs
4.ouside help and programs is useful in reducing it |
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| form of behavior in whcih individuals seek to harm others in the work place |
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| a prinicple suggesting that in situations in which they interact frequently with potentional victims most people try- when engaging in aggression- to maximize the harm they produce while minimizing the danger of retaliation. |
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| 3 types of expression of hostility |
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1.obstructionism- behaviors designed to impede or obstruct targets performance
2.incivility- low intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target in violation of workplace norms for mutual respect (sending a rude email, excluding someone from a meeting, giving hostile stares)
3.overt aggression- behvaiors which seek to harm others in the workplace (phyical assult, theft, threats) |
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procedures in which aversive consequences are delieverd to individuals when they engage in specific actions
1.must be prompt
2. it must be certain to occur- the probability that it will follow aggression must be high
3. must be strong
4.must be percieved as justified or deserved |
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| the view that providing angry people with an opportunity to express their aggressive impulses in safe ways will reduce their tendencies to engage in more harmful forms of aggression |
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