Term
| age for first estrus for larger dogs |
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Definition
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Term
| age for first estrus for smaller dogs |
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Definition
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Term
| dogs come into season every _______ and during what seasons? |
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Definition
| 6 months. generally late winter or early spring (except besenjis) |
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Term
| how long is proestrus in dogs and what is a typical characteristic? |
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Definition
| 7-12 days. will see spotting |
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Term
| true estrus in dogs is how long and what is a typical characteristic? |
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Definition
| 4-13 days. swelling and no bloody discharge |
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Term
| when should the bitch be mated? |
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Definition
| after her first estrus cycle. and on the 2nd to 4th day of true estrus |
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Term
| gestation in a dog is how long? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to pups weight in first 24 hours and then after that? |
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Definition
first 24 hours- pups lose 5% of body weight due to dehydration.
body weight doubles every 7-10 days |
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Term
| at 2 weeks, pups are _____x their birth weight |
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Definition
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Term
| pups are wormed with ____________ every _________ wks until_______ wks |
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Definition
| with piperazine citrate (rounds/hooks) every 2 weeks until 12 weeks |
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Term
| pups start solid at what age? |
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Definition
| 3 weeks with a little milk mixed in initially |
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Term
| when should pups go to new homes? |
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Definition
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Term
| critical period for pups? |
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Definition
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Term
| when _________ drops, vaccines should __________ |
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Definition
| maternal immunity drops, vxs should be given. maternal immunity can interact with vxs |
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Term
| queens come into estrus at? |
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Definition
| 6 months (except siamese and burmese) |
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Term
| queens will come into estrus how often? |
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Definition
| every 3-4 weeks during spring, summer and quiescent period in winter |
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Term
| estrus lasts how long in queens? |
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Definition
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Term
| physical characteristics of estrous queens? |
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Definition
| swelling/bleeding, but queens keep clean so blood isnt noticeable |
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Term
| how to tell true estrus in cats? |
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Definition
| female will refuse to mate until true |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| critical period for cats? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 causes of hip dysplasia? |
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Definition
| 1. overweight 2. overexercised 3. wrong/poor conformation |
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Term
| canine and feline deciduous teeth begin to emerge at? |
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Definition
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Term
| age when all deciduous teeth are present? |
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Definition
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Term
| permanent teeth begin to erupt at what age for dogs and cats? and how do they erupt? |
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Definition
3-4 months
start from incisors and work center out
canines erupt 4-6 months
premolar and molars 7-8 months |
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Term
| benefits of grooming are? (6) |
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Definition
-remove shed hair and matts, allowing skin and coat health
-examinations of animal for problems
-look and smell better
-less shedding in house
-bonding, quality time
-pack hierarchy |
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Term
| 5 freedoms of animal welfare are? |
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Definition
-hunger/thirst
-discomfort by provision of appropriate environment
-pain, injury, disease
-express normal behavior
-fear/distress |
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Term
| why is water an important element of a proper diet? (5) |
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Definition
-solvent/transport medium
-chemical rxns
-temperature regulation
-digestion
-elimination of toxic metabolites |
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Term
| bodyweight^0.75 is known as what? why is it used? |
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Definition
metabolic bodyweight
it is used b/c an animal's metabolic rate changes according to body surface area as well as bodyweight |
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Term
| smaller dogs need _____ energy for every kg of bodyweight because: |
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Definition
more energy
b/c they have a greater surface area than larger dogs |
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Term
| what is metabolizable energy? |
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Definition
| energy in food that is available to tissues. takes factors like digestibility into account |
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Term
| what is energy density of food? |
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Definition
| the ME per given weight or volume. usually kJ/kg or kcal/kg |
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Term
| what is the difference of cats and dogs in respect to arachidonic acid? |
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Definition
| dogs can make arachidonic acid from linoleic acid. cats cannot, so they need it in their diet |
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Term
| essential amino acids for dogs?(10) |
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Definition
essential cannot be synthesized
(Halt limp tv!)
histidine
arginine
lysine
threonine
leucine
isoleucine
methionine
phenylaline
trypotophan
valine |
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Term
additional essential amino acids for cats?
and why is this essential AA important? |
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Definition
taurine
We should never rely on dog food for cats because dogs do not require this AA |
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Term
| calcium and phosphorus should provided in diet in what ratio? |
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Definition
| 1.2:1 (ratio that occurs in body) |
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Term
| bones should be cooked or not? |
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Definition
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Term
| fat soluble vitamins(4) and why important? |
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Definition
-A vision, bone growth, repro, epithelial tissue
-D normal Ca/Phos metabolism
-E potent antioxidant
-K blood clotting |
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Term
| water soluble vitamins(2) and why important? |
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Definition
B- complex of 9 vitamins acting as coenzymes for E metabolism and tissue synthesis. thiamine is most commonly deficient
C-collagen and bone formation. dogs/cats can synthesis their own |
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Term
[image]
This appearance is retained until what age in dogs? |
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Definition
| the fleur de lys appearance is retained until ~2 years |
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