Term
| Double bind/consciousness |
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Definition
| the idea that people of color in the US interact within two worlds, one American. Navigating these worlds produces two sets of identities and experiences. In these experiences, there's a splitting of reality. (duBois) |
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| the social process through which children develop an awareness of social norms and values and achieve a distinct sense of self. Although socialization processes are particularly significant in infancy & childhood, they continue to some degree throughout life. |
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| the study of the ways in which individuals and groups create social structure that defines what it means and what it is like to be human. |
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| (Racial) Epidermalization |
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Definition
| the process by which people of color internalize the social constructed notion of race (can also be applied to gender, sexuality) and live out the accompanying fictions as realities. This produces within the individual a sense that he/she is the source of failure & sub-humanity (erasing actual cause & internalizing the issue) |
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| attempts to overturn social inequalities that result from gender discrimination. |
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| embraces the notion that men are more powerful, and should have control over their own lives as well as authority over others. |
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| State of being deprived of participation and recognition as a man in a given society. The term itself implies that something has been taken away & needs to be replaced. |
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| Exaggerated emotional and behavioral expressions of masculinity that attempt to compensate for intense feelings of humiliation as a result of a larger systematic exclusion from normative structures of manhood. |
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| A critical response to the culture of poverty ideology which stated that Moynihan's thesis shifted the responsibility of poverty onto poor people and away from structural inequalities. |
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Term
| Concept of oppositional behavior or process |
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Definition
| 'fear of 'acting white''; when members of minority groups encounter barriers within the opportunity structure, they develop the perception that they receive lower rewards for education than the dominant group. These perceptions give rise to community and individual-level forces characterized by an oppositional culture that includes resisting educational goals. (Fordham & Ogbu) |
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| the theory that if matriarchal households don't fall in line with the rest of patriarchal America, then the structure of such households won't thrive. (Estes) |
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| the idea of gender or sexuality as a societal performance (onstage vs. behind the curtain). There are different components of behavior in social settings when it comes to masculinity. (Goffman) |
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| a set of language, mannerisms, gestures, and movements that 'exaggerate or ritualize masculinity...' The pose shows the dominant culture that you are strong and proud despite your status in American society. Considered a defense mechanism. (Majors) |
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| Representation designed to make racism, sexism, poverty, and other forms of social injustice appear natural, normal, inevitable parts of everyday life. (Collins) |
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| men who worked as artisans, shopkeepers, or framers. At the turn of the 19th Century, these occupations were rooted in land ownership and self-possession, causing definition of manhood to be attached to these qualities. |
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| With the rise of the Industrial Revolution, manhood was defined by the market. Those in genteel patriarchy began to be pushed out of mainstream masculinity ideas. With wage labor came a market where economic success became dependent upon one's work ethic. Frontier masculinity emerged. |
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| Simple, docile, quick to avoid work, lived a life of childlike contentment. In love with food, dance, and play. |
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Term
| Modern-Colonial World System |
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Definition
| set of relationships between nation states. Developed countries exist because there are underdeveloped countries. |
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| historically, geographically, and epistemologically centering our ideas around European point of views. |
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| considered the first 'culture of poverty' debate. Who is human & who isn't? This becomes the fundamental idea behind race |
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| the economic process by which Western nations established their rule in parts of the world away from their home territories |
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| a matrix of power that emerges out of the history of colonialism and persists even after the end of formal colonial administration. The colonial matrix of power includes gender, race, class, spirituality, and sexuality together as a package. |
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| the construction of a colonial difference. Difference is converted into power, drawing on the distinctions of categories (gender, sexuality, culture), and placing a value on it to emphasize superiority. |
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Definition
| In colonial times, men would be burned for their appearance as 'maricon'. These words took on distinct meanings associated with the effeminate: one who submitted himself to the power of a woman, something done that evoked femininity, or an association with weakness. |
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Definition
| a system of domination that regulates/sets norms on how we can interact with different bodies |
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Term
| Structural Intersectionality |
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Definition
| when institutions, policies, and programs are constructed by and for a particular class or racial group without taking into account the many intra-group differences that may limit the effectiveness of the interventions for people who do not share those same backgrounds or experiences. |
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Term
| Political Intersectionality |
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Definition
| People part of at least two subordinate groups are forced to entertain two or more conflicting political agendas that ignore an integrated analysis of the issue and instead opt to emphasize their specific concerns over others, thus erasing the subordinate group from existence. |
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| the taken for granted practices and assumptions that make domination seem natural and inevitable to both the dominant and subordinate. (Gramsci) |
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| the configuration of gender practice which embodies the currently accepted answer to the problem of the legitimacy of patriarchy, which guarantees the dominant position of men & the subordination of women. |
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Term
| Representational Intersectionality |
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Definition
| A group marginalized by two or more categories caught between two separate political agendas that ignore an integrated analysis of the issue and instead opt to emphasize their specific concerns over others, thus erasing the subordinate group from existence. |
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