Term
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Definition
| The processes of conditional stimuli and contingency control represent the core of action psychotherapies, including those in the behavioral, cognitive, and systemic traditions. p. 18 |
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Term
| Awareness (or insight) therapies |
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Definition
Table p. 17
The processes of conciousness raising, catharsis, and choosing represent the heart of the traditional insight or awareness psychotherapies, including both the psycoanalytic and the humanistic traditions. |
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Term
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Definition
Experiential level: corrective emotional experiences
Environmental level: dramatic relief. |
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Term
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Definition
Experiential level: self-liberation.
Environmental level: social liberation. |
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Term
| Common (nonspecific) factors |
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Definition
| factors common to all approaches. An emotionally charged, confiding relationship; a healing stting; a rationale or conceptual scheme; and a therapeutic ritual. |
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Term
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Definition
Eperiential level: feedback
Environmental level: education |
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Term
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Definition
| Changes in an individual that are made by modifying the contingencies in the environment. (Reinforcement is contingent on a particular response. Reinforecement can be positive or negative.) |
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Term
| Corrective emotional experience |
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Definition
| By expressing the dark side of themselves in the presence of another, the individuals are better able to accept such emotions as natural phenomena that need not be so severely controlled in the future. This therapeutic process has been at the level of the individual experience, in which the stimuli that elicit cathartic reactions come from within the individual. p. 14 |
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Term
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Definition
p. 16
Changing our behavior to the stimuli is known as counterconditioning, whereas changing the environment involves stimulus control. Countereconditioning was used in the treatment of a woman with a penetration phobia who responded to intercourse with involuntary muscle spasms. |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that catartic reactins can be evoked by observing emotional scenes in the environment. Example film of stable happy marriage. p. 14 |
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Term
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Definition
| When the information given a client concerns environmental events. p. 12 |
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Term
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Definition
| When the information given a client concerns the individual's own actions and experiences. p. 12 |
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Term
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Definition
p. 9
Participants increased their output as a result of simply being in a study and having special attention paid to them. |
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Term
| Integration (eclecticism) |
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Definition
p. 2
integrative endeavors is a comprehensive model for thinking and working acrosss systems. This is the most popular orientation of mental health professionals today. (Using more than one theory.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Giving the client something they think will help them, but in reality has no effect. |
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Term
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Definition
p. 11-18
Represent a middle level of abstraction between global theories (such as psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanistic) and specific techniques (such as dream analysis, progressive muscle relaxation and family sculpting). |
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Term
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Definition
| The informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from extablished psychological principles for the putpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, emotions, and/or other personal characteristics in directions that the participants deem desirable. |
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