a musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in muscles, bones, or joints

the transfer of water & disolved substances from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure

abnormal opening between 2 organs

weak, soft, & flabby

lacking normal muscle tone

two or more ribs fractured in two or more places resulting in instability in part of the chest wall with associated hemothorax, pneumothorax, & pulmonary contusion

excessive formation of gases in the stomach or intestine

a quick, practical, standardized system for assessing the degree of conscious impairment in the critically ill

also used for predicting the duration & ultimate outcome of coma, primarily in patients with head injuries

an abnormal condition of elevated pressure within an eye because of obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor

generalized impairment of intellect, awareness, & judgment

abnormal presence of sugar, especially glucose in the urine

heart failure

HF

syndrome characterized by circulatory congestion due to the heart's inability to act as an effective pump

it should be viewed as a neurohormonal problem in which pathology progresses as a result of chronic release in the body of substances such as catecolamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)

bleeding into a joint space, a hallmark of severe disease usually occurring in the knees, ankles, & elbow

vomiting blood

blood in the urine

defective vision or blindness in half of the visual field

paralysis of one side of the body

hereditary coagulation disorder

caused by a lack of antihemophilic VIII, which is needed to convert prothrombin to thrombin through thromboplastin component

expectoration blood from the respiratory tract

a type of brain damage caused by a liver disease & consequent ammonia intoxication

inflammation of the liver resulting from several causes, including several types of viral agents or exposure to toxic substances

heterograft

(xenograft)

tissue from another species, used as a temporary graft

having two different genes

excessive body hair in a masculine distribution

symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection that is not severe enough for a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

sypmtoms of "this" are persistent unexplained fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss, & fatigue

a relative constancy in the internal environment of the body, naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival

homograft

(allograft)

the transfer of tissue between two genetically dissimilar individuals of the same species, such as a skin transplant between two humans who are not identical twins

having two identical genes, inherited from each parent, or a given hereditary characteristic

human ummunodeficiency virus

HIV

an obligate virus

a retrovirus that causes AIDS

one of two forms of immunity that respond to antigens such as bacteria & foreign material

It is mediated by B cells.

the dilation of the renal pelvis & calyces

a greater than normal amount of glucose in the blood

farsightedness

inability to see objects at close range

neurologic condition characterized by increased reflex reactions

an abnormal condition characterized by an excessive reaction to a particular stimulus

a deficiency of calcium in serum

a lower than normal amount of glucose in the blood

ususally caused by administration of too much insulin, excessive secretion of insulin by the islet cells of the pacreas, or dietary deficiency

a condition in which an inadequate amount of potassium, the major intracellular cation, is found in the circulatory bloodstream

an abnormal condition of the respiratory system that occurs when the volume of air is not adequate for the metabolic needs of the body

an abnormal deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood

an inadequate, reduced tension of cellular oxygen

cause unknown

increase, without any known cause, in the number of cells

ureters are implanted into a loop of the ileum that is isolated & brought to the surface of the abdominal wall

the quality of being unsusceptible to or affected by a particular disease condition

a process by which resistance to an infectious disease is induced or increased

immunocompetence /

immunocompetent

the ability of an immune system to mobilize & deploy its antibodies & other responses to stimulation by an antigen

an abnormal condition of the immune system in which cellular or humoral immunity is inability is inadequate & resistance to infection is increased

any agent or substance capable of provoking an immune response or producing immunity

study of the immune system

the reaction of tissues of the immune system of the body of antigenic stimulation

immunosuppression /

immunosuppressive

administration of agents that significantly interfere with the ability of the immune system to respond to antigenic stimulation by inhibiting cellular & humoral immunity

the immune system's recognition & destruction of newly developed abnormal cells

a special treatment of allergic responses

involves the administration of increasingly larger doses of the offending allergens to gradually develop immunity

a procedure in which a device (spirometer) is used at the bedside at regulat intrevals to encourage a patient to breathe deeply

surgical cut produced by a sharp instrument to create an opening into an organ or space in the body

localized area of necrosis in tissue

a vessel, or an organ resulting from tissue anoxia

caused by an interruption in the blood supply to an area

permission obtained from the patient to perform a specific test or procedure

the body's first line of defense

provides physical & chemical barriers to invading pathogens & protects the body against the external environment

a weakness of the legs accompanied by cramplike pains in the calves

caused by poor arterial circulation of the blood to the leg muscles

pertaining to a period of time during a surgical procedure

caused by internal factors

an entrance to a cavity

ex: the vaginal _________

infolding of one segment of the intestine into the lumen of another segment

occurs in children

decreased blood supply to a body organ or part

often marked by pain & organ dysfunction

yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, & sclera of the eyes caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood

Kaposi's sarcoma

KS

rare cancer of the skin or mucous membranes

characterized by blue, red, or purple raised lesions & seen mainly in middle-aged Mediterranean men & those with HIV disease

overgrowths of collagenous scar tissue at the site of a skin wound

an inflammation of the cornea

excision of the corneal tissue, followed by surgical implantation of a cornea from another human donor

acidosis accompanied by accumulation of ketone in the blood resulting from faulty carbohydrate metabolism

normal metabolic products, B-hydroxybutyric & aminoacetic acid, from which acetone may spontaneously arise

an abnormal condition of the vertabral column

characterized by increased convexity in the curvature of the thoracic spine

inflammation of the labyrinthine canals of the inner ear

the examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through a small incision beneath the umbilicus

malignant disorder of the hematopoietic system in which an excess of leukocytes accumulates in the bone marrow & lymph nodes

an abnormal decrease in the number of WBCs to fewer than 5000 cells/mm³ due to depression of the bone marrow

a white patch in the mouth or on the tongue

abnormality in the metabolism or deposition of fats

Insulin _____________ is the loss of local fat deposits in diabetic patients as a complication of repeated insulin injections.

an increase of the curve at the lumbar space region that throws the shoulders back, making the appearance "lordly or kingly"

space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube  such as a needle or catheter

inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels or channels

usually results from an acute streptococcal or staphylococcal infection in an extremity

primary or secondary disorder characterized by the accumulation of lymph in soft tissue & edema

one of the chemical factors produced & released by T lymphocytes that attract macrophages to the site of the infection in an extremity

small, flat, discolored blemishes

flush with the skin surface

growing worse, resisting treatment

said of cancerous growths

also tending or threatening to produce death

harmful

radiography of the soft tissue of the breast to allow identification of various benign & neoplastic processes

infection of one of the mastoid bones

abnormal, black, tarry stool containing digested blood

thin sheet of tissue that serves many functions in the body

it covers surfaces, lines & lubricates hollow organs, & protects & anchors organs & bones

excessive menstral flow

the process by which tumor cells are spread to distant parts of the body

excessive spotting between cycles

urination

causing constriction of the pupil of the eye

a malignant meoplastic immunodeficiency disease of the bone marrow

the tumor is composed of plasma cells

causing pupillary dilation

excessive bone marrow production

myocardial infarctiom

MI

an occlusion of a major coronary artery or one of its branches

it is caused by atherosclerosis or an embolus resulting in necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle

condition of nearsightedness

inability to see objects at a distance

a surgical incision of the typanic membrane to relieve pressure & release purulent exudate from the middle ear

uncontrolled or abnormal growth of cells

substances with specific destructive properties for the kidneys, such as certain antibiotics, heavy metals, solvents, & chemicals

any abnormal condition characterized by inflammation & degeneration of the peripheral nerves

pigmented, congenital skin blemishes that are usually benign but may be cancerous

excessive urination at night

largest organelle within the cell

it is responsible for cell reproduction & control of the other organelles

involuntary, rhythmic movement of the eyes

Osillations may be horizontal, vertical, rotary, or mixed.

an obstruction or closing off in a canal, vessel, or passage of the body

blood that is hidden or obscured from view

a diminished capacity to form & pass urine (less than 500mL in 24 hrs)

result is that the end products of metabolism cannot be excreted efficiently

the sum of knowledge regarding tumors

the branch of medicine that deals with the study of tumors

open reduction with internal fixation

ORIF

a surgical procedure allowing fracture alignment under direct visualization while using various internal fixation devices applied to the bone

disease characteristic caused by a normally nonpathogenic organism in a host whose resistance has been decreased by a disorder such as AIDS

a group of several different kinds of tissue arranged so that they can work together to perform a special function

an abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe deeply or comfortably

passage of water accross a selectively permeable membrane

the water moves from less concentrated solution to a mor concentrated solution

designed to relieve pain & distress & to control the signs & symptoms of disease

not designed to produce a cure

deficient condition of all 3 major blood elements (RBCs, WBCs, & platelets)

results from the bone marrow being reduced or absent

removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, & ovaries

also called total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Papanicolaou test

Pap smear

a simple smear method of examining stained exfoliative cells

used most commonly to detect cancers of the cervix

palpable, circumscribed, red solid elevations in the skins

smaller than 0.5 cm

a procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from the abdominal cavity

most common type of intestinal obstruction

a disease in or absence of intestinal peristalsis & bowel sounds that may occur after abdominal surgery

tissue of an organ as distinguished from supporting or connective tissue

a lesser degree of movement deficit from partial or incomplete paralysis

any subjective sensation, such as prickling "pins & needles feeling" or numbness

the movement of small molecules across the membrane of a cell by diffusion

no cellular energy is required

sign or symptom specific to a disease condition

lice infestation

entire surgical inpatient period occurring immediately before, during, & immediately after surgery

pertaining to the outside, surface, or surrounding area of an organ, other structure or fluid of vision

capable of causing great injury or destruction

deadly, fatal

refers to the ingestion & digestion of bacteria

the process that permits a cell to surround or engulf any foreign material & digest it

a condition in which the prepuce is too small to allow retraction of the foreskin over the glans penis

explanation of the processes & functions of the various structures of the body & how they interrelate

the process by which extracellular fluid is ingested by the cells

removal of plasma that contains components causing or thought to cause disease

Also called plasma exchange because when the plasma is removed, it is replaced by substitution fluids such as saline or albumin.

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral & perietal pleurae

low-pitched, grating, or creaking lung sounds that occur when when inflamed pleural surfaces rub together during respiration

Pneumocystis

jiroveci (formerly carinii) pneumonia

PCP

an unusual pulmonary disease caused by a parasite that is primarily associated with people who have suppressed immune systems, especially people with AIDS

a collection of air or gas in the pleural space, causing the lung to colapse

abnormal increase in the number of RBCs in the blood

excessive thirst

eating to the point of gluttony

excretion of an abnormally large quantity of urine

a rest period of variable length after tonic-colonic seizure

pertainind to the period of time after surgery

pertaining to the period of time before surgery

protrusion of the entire uterus through the intoitus

reproduction of multiplication of similar forms

- sensation pertaining to stimuli originating from within the body regarding spatial position & musclular activity stimuli or to the sensory receptors that those stimuli activate

- This sensation one the ability to know the position of the body without looking at it & the ability to "know objectively the sense of touch."

pain in the prostate gland

artificial replacement for a missing body part

- the symptoms of itching

- an uncomfortable sensation leading to the urge to scratch

- scratching often leads to secondary infection

- Some causes of "this" are allergy, infection, elevated serum urea, jaundice, & skin irritation.

accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues & alveoli

caused most commonly by leftsided heart failure

small, circumscribed pus-containing elevations of the skin

pus in the urine