Term
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Definition
| THE INTERPLAY OF THE ACCUMULATION OF EXPERIENCES AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF TIME RELATED BIOLOGICAL PROCESS THAT AFFECTS INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY THROUGHOUT THE LIFE SPAN. |
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Term
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Definition
ADULT DEVELOPMENT AND AGING
AN INTRODUCTION |
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Term
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Definition
| THE STUDY OF MATURATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL. THE TERM ONTOGENY CAN BE CONTRASTED WITH PHYLOGENY , WHICH REFERS TO THE STUDY OF SPECIES DEVELOPMENT. |
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Term
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Definition
| DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT CHANGE OBSERVED WITHIN INDIVIDUAL ADULTS. |
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Term
| INTERINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES |
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Definition
| THE DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES THAT MAY BE OBSERVED BETWEEN DIFFERENT ADULTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE DIFFERENCES IN AMOUNT RATHER THAN KIND THAT OCCUR IN DEVELOPMENT. |
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Term
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Definition
| ABRUPT, STAGELIKE DIFFERENCES IN KIND RATHER THAN AMOUNT THAT OCCUR IN DEVELOPMENT. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SECTION OF THE LIFE SPAM DURING WHICH THE PERSON IS EFFECTIVELY OR FUNCTIONALLY DISEASE-FREE. |
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Term
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Definition
| A THEORY THAT SUGGEST THAT DEVELOPMENT CONSISTS OF A SERIES OF ABRUPT CHANGES IN PHYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND PROCESSES, MARKED BY QUALITATIVE CHANGE AT EACH STAGE. |
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Term
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Definition
| OBSERVATIONS OF RELATIVELY ABRUPT CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR. |
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Term
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Definition
| STABILITY OF DATA OR RESPONSES ACROSS MEASUREMENT OCCASIONS. |
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Term
| NEUROBIOLOGICAL PLASTICITY |
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Definition
| REFERS TO ADAPTABILITY OF THE SUBSTRATES THAT REGULATE ANATOMICAL DIFFERENTIATION, NEUROGENESIS, SYNAPTOGENESIS, AND BIOLOGICAL VITALITY. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE POTENTIAL RANGE OF BEHAVIOR THAT CAN OCCUR OF BEHAVIOR THAT CAN OCCUR FOR INDIVIDUALS; REFERS TO THE EXTENT TO WHICH BEHAVIOR CAN BE IMPROVED OR OPTIMIZED BY PRACTICE OR TRAINING. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE PREVAILING CULTURAL FORCES ARE SUFFICIENTLY FLEXIBLE TO ALLOW OPTIMAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUALS. |
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Term
| BRAIN RESERVE CAPACITY OR COGNITIVE RESERVE CAPACITY |
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Definition
| THE AMOUNT OF RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE INDIVIDUAL FOR RESPONDING TO CHALLENGING EVENTS AND SITUATIONS. AGE RELATED REDUCTIONS OCCUR IN THE AMOUNT OF RESERVE CAPACITY. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE IDEA THAT THERE ARE INTRAINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THE PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT AND AGING |
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Term
| NORMATIVE AGE GRADED FACTORS |
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Definition
| INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE THAT ARE CLOSELY RELATED TO AN INDIVIDUALS CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. |
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Term
| NORMATIVE HISTORY GRADED FACTORS |
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Definition
| INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPMENT THAT ARE CLOSELY RELATED TO SOCIETAL EVENTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE THAT IS OR SEEMS UNIQUE TO AN INDIVIDUAL. THIS FORM OF DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE IS PROBABLY CODETERMINED BY BIOGENETIC ANTECEDENTS AND DISTINCTIVE EVENTS AND EXPERIENCES OCCURRING AT CRITICAL MOMENTS IN DEVELOPMENT. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE NUMBER OF YEARS SINCE BIRTH |
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Term
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Definition
| A FUNCTION- BASED INDEX OF AGING THAT REPRESENTS THE RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL STATUS AND PHYSICAL CONDITION OF AN INDIVIDUAL. |
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Term
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Definition
| AN INDIVIDUALS ABILITY TO ADAPT TO CHANGING ENVIRONMENTAL DEMANDS ON COMPARISON TO THE ADAPTABILITY OF OTHER INDIVIDUALS OF IDENTICAL CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERS TO THE SOCIAL ROLES AND SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS PEOPLE HAVE FOR THEMSELVES AS WELL AS THOSE IMPOSED BY SOCIETY. |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERS TO THE SOCIAL ROLES AND SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS PEOPLE HAVE FOR THEMSELVES AS WELL AS THOSE IMPOSED BY SOCIETY. |
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Term
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Definition
| AVOIDING DISEASE AND DISABILITY AND CONTINUING ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT IN LIFE. |
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Term
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Definition
| ASPECTS OF THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT THAT ARE EXPERIENCED BY INDIVIDUALS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A GROUP OF PEOPLE BORN IN THE SAME TIME PERIOD; THE SHARED OR DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A GENERATION. |
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Term
| AGE GRADED OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURES |
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Definition
| THE EXTENT AND TYPES OF OPPORTUNITIES THAT ARE AVAILABLE WITHIN A CULTURE FOR DIFFERENT AGED INDIVIDUALS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A THEORETICAL APPROACH OR PERSPECTIVE THAT SERVES TO ORGANIZE AND INTERPRET DATA AND OBSERVATIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE VIEW THAT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PERSONS MEMORY DEPENDS ON THE CONTEXT OR SETTING WITHIN WHICH THE PERSON IS REQUIRED TO LEARN AND REMEMBER INFORMATION. |
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Term
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Definition
| A THEORY THAT INDIVIDUALS ARE SELF MOTIVATED TO INITIATE AND PURSUE PERSONAL GOALS. SAME AS ACTION THEORY. |
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Term
| BIOCULTURAL CO CONSTRUCTION |
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Definition
| THE IDEA THAT DEVELOPMENT IS CODETERMINED BY THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN BIOGENETIC FACTORS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES. |
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Term
| NON NORMATIVE LIFE EVENTS |
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Definition
| INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPMENT THAT DO NOT FOLLOW A PRESCRIBED SOCIAL OR BIOLOGICAL ORDER. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE STUDY OF AGE RELATED INTERINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND AGE RELATED INTRAINDIVIDUAL CHANGE. |
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Term
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Definition
| CULTURAL AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PERCENTAGE OF MALES AND FEMALES WITHIN VARIOUS AGE INTERVALS IN A GIVEN SOCIETY |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERS TO THE PREJUDICE BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS AND SYSTEMS WITHIN THE CULTURE IN REGARD TO AGING AND OLDER ADULTS, AND THE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF INACCURATE STEREOTYPING OF THE ELDERLY. |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERS TO PARENTING BY INDIVIDUALS OTHER THAN THE BIOLOGICAL PARENTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| A PERSON WHO HAS LIVED AT LEAST 100 YEARS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE IDEA THAT THE NEGATIVE PATTERNS OF INEQUALITY IN WEALTH, STATUS, AND AVAILABILITY OF OPPORTUNITIES ACCUMULATE OVER THE LIFE SPAN. |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERS TO THE SECTION OF THE LIFE SPAN ASSOCIATED WITH SUBSTANTIAL AGE RELATED IMPAIRMENT. IN THE FOURTH AGE, RESERVE CAPACITY IS APPROACHING ITS LOWER LIMITS AND THE PERSON IS AT HIGH RISK OF DISEASE. THE FOURTH AGE REFERS TO THE OLDEST OLD, THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE AGE 85 AND OLDER. |
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Term
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Definition
| PARTICULAR GENES OR GENETIC VARIATIONS AND PARTICULAR CULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INTERACT AND CODETERMINE DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE. |
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Term
| GRANDMOTHERING HYPOTHESIS |
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Definition
| IN MANY CULTURES, GRANDMOTHERS PROVIDE FOOD AND SUPPORT CRUCIAL TO THE SURVIVAL OF THEIR GRANDCHILDREN. BY DOING SO, GRANDMOTHERS INCREASE THE LIKELIHOOD THAT THEIR GENES WILL BE PASSED. FURTHER, BY ASSISTING THEIR DAUGHTERS WITH CHILD CARE; GRANDMOTHERS ENHANCE THEIR DAUGHTERS AVAILABILITY FOR FERTILITY AND THEREBY INCREASE THE CHANCES THAT THEIR GENES WILL BE PASSED. |
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Term
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Definition
| HOW LONG, ON THE AVERAGE, ONE IS EXPECTED TO LIVE. |
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