Term
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Definition
Accumulation of non-functional hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow that are resistant to apoptosis
Blasts in the peripheral blood
Decreased RBC's
Decreased Platelets
Auer Rods
Howell-Jolly Bodies
Pappenheimer Bodies
Basophilic Stippling
NRBC's
Elevated Uric Acid, LDH, and Calcium
Hypocellular bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
Type 1 blasts
Rare
Negative on cytochemical stains
CD12, CD33, CD34 |
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Term
| AML-M1 with Minimal Maturation |
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Definition
Most common AML
Type 1 and 2 blasts
Positive sudan black B and peroxidase
Trisomy 8, t(9;22), t(6;9)
Decreased platelets
Normocytic, Normochromic anemia |
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Term
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Definition
Promyelocytes and myelocytes
Auer Rods
Phi Bodies
Positive myeloperoxidase, sudan black B, and chloroacetate esterase
t(8;22)
90% blasts, Types 1 and 2
10% promyelocytes and myelocytes
Most common AML in adults |
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Term
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Definition
aka Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Seen in young adults and the elderly
Hypergranular or hypogranular promyelocytes
Faggot Cells
30% blasts with abnormal promyelocytes
Positive peroxidase, sudan black B, chloracetate esterase, and nonspecific esterase
t(15;17)
Folded Nuclei
Hypogranular Cytoplasm
Metachromatic Granules |
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Term
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Definition
aka Acute Myelomonoblastic Leukemia
aka Maegeli Type
>30% blasts, Types 1 and 2
Promyelocytes and monoblasts
Pseudo-Pelger-Huets
Hypogranular Neutrophils
Monocyte Count: >5
Increase in eosinophils
Positive peroxidase, sudan black B, chloracetate esterase, and nonspecific esterase |
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Term
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Definition
aka Acute Monoblastic Leukemia without Differentiation
aka Shilling Type
Monoblasts with lacy, nuclear chromatin
Decreased platelets
Pseudo-Pelger-Huets
WBC Count: 5-20
>80% monoblasts
Positive nonspecific esterase
Myeloperoxidase and sudan black B can be positive or negative
Weakness, bleeding, skin rashes
Rapidly fatal |
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Term
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Definition
aka Acute Monoblastic Leukemia with Differentiation
More mature monocytes |
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Term
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Definition
aka Erythroleukemia
aka Diguglielmo Syndrome
>50% monoblastic erythroid precursors
Positive myeloperoxidase, sudan black B, and a-naphthyl acetate esterase
Decreased LAP score
Bleeding
CD71
Glycophorin A positive |
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Term
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Definition
aka Megakaryocytic Leukemia
aka Acute Malignant Myelosclerosis
aka Acute Myelodysplasia with Myelofibrosis
aka Myelofibrosis
Increased megakaryoblasts
Positive nonspecific esterase and chloroacetate esterase
Dry Taps
Positive platelet peroxidase
CD41 and CD61
Abnormalities in chromosome 21 |
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Term
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Definition
Small homogeneous cells with fine, clumped chromatin
Nucleus has a clip or indentation
Small or no nuclei
Cytoplasm is scant with slight to moderate basophilia
No macrophage activity
Responsive to therapy
Usually found in children |
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Term
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Definition
Usually found in adults
Moderate response to therapy
Large heterogeneous lymphoblasts
One or more large, prominent nucleoli
Cytoplasm amount varies
The blasts are peroxidase negative and TDT-positive |
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Term
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Definition
Found in children and adults
Burkitt Type or Non-Burkitt Type
Poor response to therapy
Large lymphoblasts with fine, homogeneous chromatin
Oval nucleus with 1 or more large, prominent nucleoli
Moderately abundant cytoplasm with deep basophilia and prominent vacuoles
t(8;14) |
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Term
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Definition
Symptoms: Pallor, weakness, fever, bone and joint pain, bleeding, enlarged lymph nodes, enlarged spleen, and an enlarged liver
Only affects the lymphocytic line
Variable WBC Count
Neutropenia
Immature lymphoid cells
Small blasts with scanty cytoplasm
Normocytic, normochromic anemia
Decreased platelets
Increased uric acid and LDH
Hypocellular bone marrow, <30% lymphoblasts
Lymphoblasts are PAS positive, positive or negative for acid phosphatase, and negative for sudan black B and peroxidase
Treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, or transplants |
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