Term
| What is the difference between statutory, case, and common law? |
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Definition
-Statutory Law: law through legislation
-Case Law: established through cases and court decisions.
-Common law: body of precedent |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulated Health Professions Act |
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Term
| Only certain people can diagnose - this is regulated by ___ |
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Definition
| Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA) |
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Term
| What are the (4) CPA ethical principles? (In order!) |
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Definition
Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons
Principle II: Responsible Caring
Principle III: Integrity in Relationships
Principle IV: Responsibility to Society |
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Term
| Usually CPA ethical principles are equal, but In the case of a dilemma _____ |
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Definition
| treat the principles in a hierarchy from 1-4 |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
each person should be treated primarily as a person or an end in him/herself, not as an object or means to an end |
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Definition
| Respect for Dignity of Persons (1) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
maximize benefit, minimize harm |
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Definition
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Individuals’ rights to: privacy, self‐determination, personal liberty, justice |
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Definition
| Respect for Dignity of Persons (1) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Try to benefit others, but at least do no harm |
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Definition
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Term
| Ethically, why is it important to be competent? |
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Definition
| if you are not competent in what you are doing, you are unlikely to maximize benefit |
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Term
| What are the (6) exceptions to confidentiality? |
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Definition
1. Danger to self (common/case law)
2. Danger to others – duty to warn potential victims (common/case law)
3. Child in need of protection (Family & Children’s Services Act)
4. Sexual abuse or harassment by registered health professional –if you learned about the abuse when you were practicing the profession (RHPA)
5. If records subpoenaed by court
6. College of Psychologists of Ontario quality assurance program (RHPA/Psychology Act) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Maintain public trust, Accuracy and honesty, Openness |
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Definition
| Integrity in Relationships (3) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Remove yourself from a case where you will be highly biased |
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Definition
| Integrity in Relationships (3) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Avoid conflicts of interest, Avoid dual roles |
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Definition
| Integrity in Relationships (3) |
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Term
What ethical principle is this?
Promote and contribute to welfare of human beings and society, Use of psychological knowledge to benefit society |
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Definition
| Responsibility to Society (4) |
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Term
| What are the (3) GENERAL Criteria for Civil Commitment |
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Definition
-Demonstrate that a person has a mental illness & needs treatment (or harm will result)
-Show that the person is dangerous to self or others
-Establish a grave disability – Inability to care for self |
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Term
| What are (2) ways the Government has Authority Over Civil Commitment |
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Definition
-Police power – Protection of health, welfare, and safety of society
-Parens patriae – State acts a surrogate parent |
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Term
| person may not actually be committed- they may be required to participate in a compulsory community treatment (but in Canada must ______) |
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Definition
| have already been an inpatient |
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Term
| What are the (3) Conditions for involuntary admission |
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Definition
-Certificate is completed
-Person has a mental disorder (resulting in harm) unless they stay there
-The person isn’t suitable for voluntary admission |
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Term
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Definition
-a legal concept (Is NOT a synonym of “psychological disorder”
-Definitions of mental illness vary by jurisdiction
-A DSM diagnosis is not required |
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Term
| people are detained because (2) |
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Definition
(1) Accused of committing a crime - Detainment in a mental health facility for evaluation of fitness to stand trial (i.e., understand charges, assist with defense)
- (2)Found Not criminally responsible on account of a mental disorder: NCRMD |
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Term
| what are the (3) requirements for fitness to stand trial |
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Definition
-Understanding of legal charges
-ability to assist in one’s own defence
-understand own role in proceedings |
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Term
| If you are Determined to be of Incompetence (not fit to stand trial) (4) Consequences |
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Definition
-Loss of decision‐making authority
-Options: conditional discharge, detain in hospital, order treatment |
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Term
| In Canada - for a mental disorder Burden of proof is on ____ |
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Definition
| the party that raises the issue |
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Term
| ____ : Legal statement by the accused of not criminally responsible due to a mental disorder |
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Definition
| NCRMD – “Insanity defense” |
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Term
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Definition
| people are not responsible for their criminal behaviour if they don’t know what they are doing or that it is wrong |
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Term
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Definition
| not responsible if actions were a result of disease or mental defect |
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Term
| American Law Institute Rule: |
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Definition
| cannot appreciate the wrongfulness of an action due to due to mental disease or defect (defect does NOT include criminal and antisocial conduct) |
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Term
| what are the 3 guiding principles of the tri-council policy statement |
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Definition
| respect for persons, concern for welfare, justice (fairness and equity) |
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Term
| What are (2) patient rights? |
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Definition
-the right to treatment (in the least restrictive setting possible)
-the right to refuse treatment |
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Term
What is the difference between
-Standards for clinical efficacy research
-Standards for clinical effectiveness research |
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Definition
-Standards for clinical efficacy research (doesn’t necessarily generalize in the real world)
-Standards for clinical effectiveness research (applicable to the real world) |
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Term
| how does the biomedical model view the mind & body? |
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Definition
| Mind and body as separate |
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Term
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Definition
-Stress activates the ANS (fight or flight response)
-the hypothalamus secretes corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF)
-CRF stimulates the pituitary gland
-stimulates the adrenal gland
-the adrenal gland secretes cortisol
-hippocampus responds to cortisol and turns off the HPA cycle
-with chronic stress the hippocampus is damaged and the cycle does not shut off |
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Term
| depression, anxiety, stress and excitement are related, the only difference is: |
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Definition
-a sense of control and an ability to cope
-predictability and controllability
-self-efficacy |
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Term
TRUE OR FALSE
-immune system can be suppressed through learning |
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Definition
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Term
| What are (4) long term consequences of stress? |
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Definition
-reduces testosterone
-results in cardiovascular hypertension
-results in impaired immune system response
-muscular atrophy |
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Term
| What are (4) consequences of children's paediatric pain? |
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Definition
o longer procedure times
o more distress
o more anticipatory stress
o avoidance of medical care |
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Term
| What are (8) ways to reduce pain in children? |
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Definition
o topical anesthetics
o for infants: breast feeding and sucrose
o distraction, CB strategies, breathing exercises
o avoid excessive reassurance
o least painful injection first
o positioning (holding babies upright)
o stroking skin
o no aspirating needle |
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Term
| What is Gate Control Theory? |
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Definition
-Pain is an interplay between the PNS → CNS
-Access to brain (perception) is controlled by gates which open (small fibers) and close (large fibers)
-Both sensory and pain fibers travel through a gate |
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Term
| ____ are used by the body to shut down pain, System may be more powerful in _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Females may have a separate ____-based pain regulation pathway as well |
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Definition
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Term
| hypertension is a major risk factor for (2) |
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Definition
| a major risk factor for stroke, kidney disease |
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Term
| what is essential hypertension: |
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Definition
| no specific cause, most common type |
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Term
| who is most at risk for hypertension |
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Definition
| African Canadians and Americans |
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Term
| psychological, behaviour, and social factors contributions to hypertension are ____ and ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Coronary Heart Disease? |
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Definition
| when arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle are blocked |
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Term
| _____ may be related to developing coronary heart disease, but: ______ may be most important |
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Definition
classic type A behavior
negative affect (anger), hostility, and feeling time pressured |
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Term
| severity of pain does not predict reaction to the pain, determining factor seems to be ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| making sure needs are being met and not just everyone else’s |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning to regulate body processes that were beyond control before |
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Term
| ____ is incompatible with negative emotions such as anger and fear |
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Definition
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Term
| Progressive muscle relaxation |
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Definition
| Contrast between tension and relaxation with focused attention, systematic manipulation |
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Term
What is pain catastrophizing?
What (3) things does it involve? |
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Definition
approach to pain- overly negative response to pain
Involves (1) rumination (constantly on mind), (2) magnification (distorted), and (3) helplessness |
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Term
| What is the Fear avoidance model of pain |
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Definition
-Pain is seen as a threat: with chronic pain, there is a continuous threat
-Fear of pain, injury, activity, fear leads to avoidance of movement and leads to deconditioning and disuse which leads to more pain |
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Term
| What is Pacing and Goal Setting (for chronic pain) |
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Definition
-Idea is to avoid avoidance
-People may avoid what they feel will make the pain worse
-What may be adaptive for acute pain may not be for chronic pain
-Pacing activities is important
-Focus on what they can do
-Break activities down into manageable chunks
-Avoids too much & too little activity
-Pacing allows control over pain |
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Term
| Responses to pain from others can shape ____ |
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Definition
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Term
Parents and spouses should
- ____ attention on pain & illness behaviour
- ____ attention for wellness behaviour |
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Definition
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