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ABA Exam #3 Bosch
N/A
23
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
02/08/2009

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Cards

Term
Shaping
Definition
A process used to develop a target behaviour that a person does not currently exhibit
Term
Forward Chaining
Definition
Reinforcement contingency is applied to responses in the chain sequentially beginning with the first response (this maintains the temporal order of the performance)
Term
Backward Chaining
Definition
Reinforcement contingency is applied sequentially beginning with the last response. Keeps the reinforcement at the end of the response chain. Steps are not performed backwards, just in backwards order. (ex steps 5, then 6, then 7)
Term
Total task
Definition
Reinforcement contingency is applied to all responses from the outset. Individual is prompted through each step of the chain on each trial.
Term
Pictoral Prompt
Definition
In chaining, having pictures to describe the steps in the behaviour chain
Term
Self-Instruction
Definition
Using some tool, for example pneumonics to hel**********************************
Term
Textual Prompt
Definition
In chaining, having written directions to describe the steps in the behaviour chain
Term
Baseline for Chaining
Definition
Must present the SD for every step along the way to see if it triggers an operant response
Term
Chaining
Definition
A process used to develop a sequence of behaviour that a person does not currently exhibit
Term
differential reinforcement
Definition
when one particular behaviour is reinforced and all other behaviours are not reinforced in a specific situation
Term
Successive approximations
Definition
Shaping steps that get closed to the target behaviour on a gradient
Term
Starting Behaviour
Definition
An existing behaviour before shaping that is an approximation of the target behaviour
Term
Verbal Prompt
Definition
Telling the Ss how to engage in the target behaviour
Term
Gestural Prompt
Definition
Showing the motions to the Ss how to engage in the target behaviour
Term
Modeling Prompt
Definition
Going through the motions of the target behaviour in front of the Ss in order to teach the target behaviour
Term
Physical Prompt
Definition
Guiding the Ss through the motions of a target behaviour
Term
Prompts
Definition
Tools used to increase the likelihood that a person will engage in a correct behaviour at the correct time
Term
Fading
Definition
gradually removing prompts until the target behaviour occurs in the presence of the discriminative stim with out any supplemental stim
Term
Response Prompts
Definition
The behaviour of another person which evokes the desired response in the Ss
Term
Stimulus Prompt
Definition
Adding or changing the Discriminative Stim, or S-delta in order to facilitate the desired response
Term
Within-stimulus Prompt
Definition
Changing the discriminative stimulus to prompt an individual
Term
Extrastimulus Prompt
Definition
Adding another stimulus to cue the discriptive stimulus
Term
Transfer of Stimulus Control
Definition
Causing the correct behaviour to occur at the correct time
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