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a.young- genetics
genetics voacbulary
13
Science
7th Grade
02/10/2010

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Term
alleles
Definition
the different forms of a gene. Y and y are different alleles of the gene that determines seed color
Term
dominant trait
Definition
a trait expressed preferentially over another trait
Term
F1 generation
Definition
offspring of a cross between true breeding plants, homozygous for the trait of interest
Term
F2 generation
Definition
offspring of a cross involving the F1 generation
Term
genotype
Definition
the gentic constitution of an organism with respect to a trait. yellow seeds are dominant, but yellow seeded plants could have a genotype of either YY, or Yy
Term
heterozygous
Definition
differing alleles for a trait in an individual, such as Yy
Term
homozygous
Definition
both alleles for a trait are the same in an individual. they can be homozygous dominant (YY), ir homozygous recessive (yy)
Term
hybrid
Definition
heterozygous; usually referring to the offspring of two true-breeding (homozygous) individuals differing in the traits of interest
Term
monohybird cross
Definition
cross involving parents differing in only one trait
Term
mutation
Definition
change in the DNA sequence of a gene to some new, heritable form. generally but now always a recessive allele.
Term
phenotype
Definition
the physicall appearance of an organism with respect to a trait, recessive trait.
Term
recessive trait
Definition
the opposite of dominant. a trait is preferentially masked.
Term
sex-linked
Definition
a gene coded on a sex chromosome, such as the X-chromosome linked genes of flies and man.
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