Term
| "SLUDD" of the parasympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Digestion
Defecation |
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Term
| A neurotransmitter can be excitatory or |
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Definition
Inhibitory
Epinephrine/Nor epinephrine
(adrenalin/nor adrenalin)
The action depends on the receptors in the effector. Can be inhibitory or excitatory |
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Term
| A saltatory conduction is faster and more |
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Definition
| Efficient and requires myelinated axons |
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Term
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Definition
| Alpha vs Beta adrenergic recptors |
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Term
| Autonomic nervous system sensory receptors and nerves (sensory and motor) are concerned with changes |
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Definition
| In the internal environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects the cerebrum and the diencephalon with the spinal cord |
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Term
| Cerebro spinal fluid is made by |
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Definition
| Epyndemal cells in the choroid plexuses of the cerebral ventricles |
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Term
| Characteristics of cerebro spinal fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristics of neurons: Conductivity |
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Definition
| The ability to conduct a signal |
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Term
| Characteristics of neurons: Irritability |
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Definition
| The ability of a neuron to respond to a stimulus by producing and electrical signal |
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Term
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Definition
| Nicotinic vs Muscarinic receptors |
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Term
| Components of a reflex arc are |
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Definition
Receptor
Afferent neuron
Efferent neuron
Effector |
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Term
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Definition
| Region of the skin that supplies sensory information to one pair of spinal nerves |
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Term
| Diencephalon is located between the cerebrum and the |
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Definition
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Term
| Diencephalon: Hypothalamus |
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Definition
Forms the floor of the third ventricle
Maintains homeostasis by controlling
Body temp.
Water balance
Sleep
Appetite
Emotions |
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Term
| Diencephalon: Hypothalamus is the interface between the CNS |
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Definition
And the endocrine system
(the pituitary gland)
(hormone secretion) |
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Term
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Definition
Surrounds the third ventricle
Sorta and directs sensory input to appropriate area of the cerebral cortex
Acts as a filter |
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Term
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Definition
| Is involved in mood and in mobility |
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Term
| Each hemisphere in the cerebrum is divided into four lobes |
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Definition
| The lobes of the cerebrum are named after the cranial bones located directly over them |
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Term
| Each ventricle contains a vascular network called the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue or organ that responds to a nervous system command |
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Term
| Effectors of autonomic nervous system are |
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Definition
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands
and has two functional parts
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic |
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Term
| Epinephrine/norepinephrine |
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Definition
| Involved in fight or flight response |
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Term
| Functions of the nervous system |
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Definition
Coordination and Control
Detects stimuli
Responds to stimuli
Integrates executive functions |
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Term
| Gray matter (nerve cell bodies and interneutrons) is located in the center of |
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Definition
| The spinal cord. The area of gray matter is shaped like a butterfly |
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Term
| In the cerebrum white matter is located under the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Relay information (conduct impulses) within the CNS |
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Term
| Meninges are connective tissue |
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Definition
Membranes that surround the CNS
Arachnoid (arachnoid villi)
Pia mater
PAD |
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Term
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Definition
| Take information (conduct electrical impulses) from the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
Star shaped cells
Help form the blood brain barrier
Act as phagocytes |
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Term
| Neuroglia: Epyndemal cells |
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Definition
| Line the ventricles of the brain and make CSF |
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Term
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Definition
| Phagocytosis of pathogens and tissue debris |
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Term
| Neuroglia: Schwann cells (Oligodendrocytes) |
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Definition
Produce myelin sheath which covers the axons of neurons
In the PNS in the Schwann cells, cytoplasm and nuclei surround the myelin sheath and are called the neurilemma |
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Term
| Neuron fibers (axons and dendrites) are grouped |
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Definition
Together in bundles
In the PNS the bundle is a nerve
Nerves can be
Sensory (afferent)
Motor (Efferent)
or Mixed |
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Term
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Definition
Takes info away from the cell body
Myelin sheath: White fatty material that insulates the axon
Nodes of Ranvier: Spaces on the axon between the schwann cells |
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Term
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Definition
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Organelles |
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Term
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Definition
Short highly branched extensions of the cell body
Bring information into the cell body |
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Term
| Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine |
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Definition
| The neurotransmitter released at the NMJ |
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Term
| Nuerotransmitters are chemicals that convey information |
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Definition
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Term
| On the outside of the spinal cord you find |
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Definition
White matter (myelinated axons)
and consists of nerve tracts
Ascending tracts are sensory (afferent)
Descending tract are motor (efferent) |
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Term
| PNS - After they exit from the vertebral column they divide into many fibers. The fibers from |
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Definition
| Several nerves converge to form networks called plexuses |
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Term
| PNS - Spinal nerves are named according to region and level of |
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Definition
| The spinal cord from which they may emerge |
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Term
| PNS - Spinal nerves are what type of nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| PNS - Spinal nerves connect the CNS with receptors |
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Definition
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Term
| PNS - Spinal nerves have how many pairs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Innervated the skin and muscles of the upper extremities |
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Term
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Definition
Innervated the skin and muscles of the neck, shoulder and the diaphragm
Major nerve: Phrenic nerve |
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Term
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Definition
Innervates skin and muscles of the lower torso and lower extremities
Major nerve: Sciatic nerve |
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Term
| Primary concern of the cerebellum is |
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Definition
Voluntary muscles
Integrates visual, auditory and skeletal muscle location information to produce a smooth coordinated response
Maintains balance and muscle tone |
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Term
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Definition
Involuntary response to a stimulus. Many reflexes are protective
Many reflexes are spinal reflexes |
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Term
| Schwann cells are also called |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory (afferent) neurons |
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Definition
| Bring information (conduct electrical impulses) to the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Somatic nervous system sensory receptors and nerves (sensory and motor) are concerned with changes |
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Definition
| In the external environment |
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Term
| The "Es" of sympathetic nervous system are |
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Definition
Emergency
Excitement
Embarrassment
Exercise |
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Term
| The CNS is associated with |
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Definition
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Term
| The PNS is associated with |
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Definition
Cranial Nerves
Spinal Nerves |
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Term
| The action of the neurotransmitter depends on the |
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Definition
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Term
| The autonomic nervous system is divided into |
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Definition
| The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system |
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Term
| The autonomic nervous system is under |
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Definition
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Term
| The autonomic nervous system is under |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain stem and Cerebellum |
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Term
| The brain is located in the |
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Definition
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Term
| The brain stem has three parts |
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Definition
Mid brain
Pons
Medulla oblongata |
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Term
| The brain stem: medulla oblongata |
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Definition
Connects the pons and the spinal cord
Links the braina nd spinal cord functionally
Has centers that control vital functions:
Respiratory center
Cardiac center
Vasomotor center |
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Term
| The brain stem: mid brain |
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Definition
Extends from the lower part of the diencephalon to the pons
Contains reflex centers concerned with vision and hearing |
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Term
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Definition
Bridge between the cerebellum and other parts of the brain
Helps to regulate breathing rate and rhythm |
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Term
| The cerebellum is divided into |
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Definition
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Term
| The cerebellum is located under the |
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Definition
| Occipital lobe of the cerebrum |
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Term
| The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres right and left by the |
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Definition
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Term
| The choroid plexus along with epyndemal cells form |
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Definition
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Term
| The diencephalon contains |
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Definition
The pineal gland
The limbic system
Two parts thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Term
| The diencephalon is the functional and structural link between the |
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Definition
| Cerebral hemispheres and the brain stem |
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Term
| The effectors of the autonomic nervous system are |
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Definition
| Cardiac muscle, visceral muscle and glands |
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Term
| The effectors of the autonomic nervous system are innervated by both |
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Definition
| Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers |
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Term
| The effectors of the somatic nervous system are |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The frontal lobe contains the primary |
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Definition
Motor area
(conscious control of skeletal muscle)
Decussation (crossing over) = right hemisphere controls left side of body
Two motor speech centers
Brocca....oral speech
Written speech area |
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Term
| The functions of the cerebro spinal fluid |
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Definition
Cushions
Transports O2 and nutrients
Transports metabolic waste products |
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Term
| The impulse can be transmitted along the length of the axon by |
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Definition
| Travelling like a wave or leaping from node to node (saltatory conduction) |
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Term
| The occipital lobe is the most posterior |
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Definition
And inferior lobe
Visual receiving and interpretation area |
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Term
| The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for |
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Definition
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Term
| The parasympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system is what type of response |
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Definition
Rest and digest response
(feed and breed) |
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Term
| The parietal lobe contains the |
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Definition
Primary sensory area
Interpretation of sensory data |
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Term
| The parietal lobe is separated from the frontal lobe |
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Definition
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Term
| The parietal lobe is the superior lobe of each |
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Definition
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Term
| The somatic nervous system is under |
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Definition
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Term
| The spinal cord extends from the |
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Definition
| Occipital bone to about L1 |
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Term
| The spinal cord is located |
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Definition
| Within the vertebral column |
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Term
| The surface has many folds called the |
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Definition
| Gyri (gyrus) which are separated by grooves called sulci (sulcus) |
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Term
| The sympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system is what type of response |
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Definition
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Term
| The temporal lobe is auditory receiving |
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Definition
And interpretation areas
Wernicke area speech
comprehension area
Olfactory receiving and interpretation area |
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Term
| The temporal lobe is inferior to the |
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Definition
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Term
| The temporal lobe is the lateral |
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Definition
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Term
| The two functional divisions are |
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Definition
Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system |
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Term
| The two hemispheres of the cerebrum are connected by a band of white matter called the |
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Definition
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Term
| The two structural divisions are |
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Definition
CNS - Central Nervous System
PNS - Peripheral Nervous System |
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Term
| There are four ventricles |
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Definition
Two lateral ventricles one in each cerebral hemisphere
The third ventricle is medial
The fourth ventricle is medial and inferior to the third ventricle |
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Term
| Tissue types: Grey matter |
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Definition
Ares of:
Cell bodies of neurons
Dendrites
Unmyelinated axons
Neuroglia |
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Term
| Tissue types: White matter |
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Definition
| Areas of myelinated axons from many neurons |
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Term
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Definition
Neuron fibers (axons and dendrites) are grouped together in bundles
In the CNS the bundle is a tract |
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Term
| Transmission of a nerve impulse: Action potential (wave of depolarization) |
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Definition
| When the neuron has received enough stimulation to generate an action potential the electric charge of a segment of the cell membrane is changed |
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Term
| Transmission of a nerve impulse: All of nothing principle |
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Definition
| The neuron will either receive enough stimulation to generate an action potential or it will not |
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Term
| Transmission of a nerve impulse: Resting potential |
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Definition
| The cell membrane of a neuron is polarized (it has an electric charge when it is)at rest |
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Term
| Ventricles are the spaces within |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the diencephalon control |
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Definition
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Heart rate
Vasoconstriction and dilation (BP)
Respiration
Digestion
Thirst |
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