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A&P
Chapter 1 - Organization of the Body
122
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/04/2010

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Term
_____________________ is the science of the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts.
Definition
ANATOMY
Term
____________________ - Anatomy that is visible by the naked eye
Definition
GROSS
Term
____________________ - Anatomy that can only be seen with a microscope
Definition
MICROSCOPIC
Term
____________________ - Study of human growth and development.
Definition
DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY
Term
____________________ - Study of diseased body structures
Definition
PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
Term
____________________ - Study of the body by its systems
Definition
SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
Term
_____________________ is the study of the functions of an organism and its parts.
Definition
PHYSIOLOGY
Term
Scientific terms are based on _____________ or ___________ word parts.
Definition
LATIN OR GREEK
Term
Scientific terms often avoid the use of _______________ which are terms based on _______________________
Definition
EPONYMS, SOMEONES NAME
Term
__________________ describes the process in which an organism is self-_______________ and self-_______________________
Definition
AUTOPOESIS, SELF ORGANIZED AND SELF MAINTAINING
Term
List the 10 characteristics important for Human Life.
Definition
RESPONSIVENESS, ABSORPTION, SECRETION, CONDUCTIVITY, GROWTH, EXCRETION, RESPIRATION, CIRCLATION, DIGESTION, REPRODUCTION
Term
_____________________ is the sum of all reactions in the body.
Definition
METABOLISM
Term
_____________________ is the sum of all degradative reactions in the body.
Definition
CATABOLISM
Term
_____________________ is the sum of all constructive reactions in the body.
Definition
ANABOLISM
Term
Describe the chemical level of organization:
Definition
PROPER ORGANIZATION OF ATOMS, MOLECULES AND MACROMOLECULES RESULTS IN LIVING MATTER
Term
Describe the organelle level of organization:
Definition
SMALL ORGANS IN CELLS THAT PREFORM INDIVIDUAL FUNCTIONS, THESE ALLOW THE CELL TO LIVE
Term
Describe the cellular level of organization:
Definition
SMALLEST AND MOST NUMEROUS UNITS THAT POSSESS AND EXHIBIT CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
Term
Describe the tissue level of organization:
Definition
ORGANIZATION OF SIMILIAR CELLS SPECIALIZED TO PREFORM A CERTAIN FUNCTION
Term
What are the 4 types of tissue?:
Definition
EPITHELIAL, CONNECTIVE, NERVOUS, MUSCULE.
Term
Describe the organ level of organization:
Definition
ORGANIZATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF TISSUES TO PERFORM A SPECIAL FUNCTION
Term
Describe the system level of organization:
Definition
MOST COMPLEX ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS IN THE BODY
Term
Describe the organism level of organization:
Definition
THE LIVING HUMAN ORGANISM, GREATER THEN THE SUM OF ITS PARTS, ALL COMPONENTS INETERACT TO ALLOW THE HUMAN TO SURVIVE AND FLOURISH OR BEOCME SELF DESTRUCTIVE
Term
The right and left sides of the body are _______________ images.
Definition
MIRROR
Term
Human structure confers _________________ proportions.
Definition
BALNCED
Term
_______________________ structures are on the same side of the body.
Definition
SIZE, SHAPE, OPPOSITE
Term
_______________________ structures are on opposite sides of the body.
Definition
IPSILATERAL
Term
The two major body cavities are the ______________ cavity and the ______________ cavity.
Definition
DORASAL AND VENTRICAL
Term
The two subdivisions of the dorsal cavity are the _______________ cavity and the ______________ cavity.
Definition
CRANIEL AND SPINAL
Term
The two subdivisions of the ventral cavity are the _________________ cavity and the ________________________________ cavity.
Definition
THORACIC AND ABDOMINOPELVIC
Term
The thoracic cavity is divided into the right and left _________________ cavities and the _____________________.
Definition
PLEURAL CAVITIES AND MEDIASTEINUM
Term
The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into the ___________________ cavity and the ______________ cavity.
Definition
ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC
Term
The thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity are separated by a muscle known as the _____________________.
Definition
MEDIASTINUM
Term
What are the 9 Abdominal regions?
Definition
UMBILICAL, EPIGASTRIC, HYPOGASTRIC, RIGHT LUMBAR, LEFT LUMBAR, RIGHT HYPOCONDRIAC, LEFT HYPOCONDRIAC, RIGHT ILLIAC, LEFT ILLIAC.
Term
What are the four abdominal quadrants?
Definition
RIGHT UPPER, LEFT UPPER, RIGHT LOWER, LEFT LOWER.
Term
Towards the head: _______________________, _____________________
Definition
SUPERIOR, CEPHALAD
Term
Towards the feet or coccyx: _________________________, ________________________
Definition
INFERIOR, COTTLE
Term
Nearer to the trunk: _________________________
Definition
PROXIMINAL
Term
Farther from the trunk: ________________________________
Definition
DISTAL
Term
Towards the front of the body: _______________________
Definition
ANTERIOR
Term
Towards the back of the body: ______________________________
Definition
POSTERIOR
Term
Towards the midline: ______________________________
Definition
MEDIAL
Term
Away from the midline: _____________________________
Definition
LATERAL
Term
Towards the interior of the body: _______________________
Definition
DEEP
Term
Towards the exterior of the body: _________________________
Definition
SUPERFICIAL
Term
Inside a hallowing: ________________
Definition
LUMEN
Term
Towards the center of an organ: _____________________
Definition
CENTRAL
Term
Towards the periphery of an organ: ______________________
Definition
PERIPHERAL
Term
The middle region of an organ: _________________________
Definition
MEDULLARY
Term
The outer region of an organ: _______________________
Definition
CORTICAL
Term
A pointed region of an organ: ________________________
Definition
APICAL
Term
A wide area of an organ: __________________________
Definition
BASAL
Term
Cuts the body into right and left halves: _____________________
Definition
SAGITAL PLANE
Term
Cuts the body into EQUAL right and left halves: ________________________
Definition
MID SAGITAL PLANE
Term
Cuts the body into top and bottom: _____________________________
Definition
TRANSFERSE PLANE
Term
Cuts the body into front and back: _____________________________
Definition
FRONTAL PLANE
Term
Category of physique: ______________________
Definition
SOMATOTYPE
Term
Somatotype having more fat accumulation: ______________________
Definition
ENDOMORPH
Term
Somatotype having less fat but more muscle: ____________________
Definition
MESOMORPH
Term
Somatotype having very little fat or muscle: _________________________
Definition
ECTOMORPH
Term
Which category of Endomorph is more risky for heart conditions: ___________________
Definition
ECTOMORPH
Term
How is this type of endomorph different from the other type?
Definition
HAS A HEAVY, ROUNDED PHYSIQUE 2ITH AN ACCUMULATION OF FAT.
Term
What describes the body’s relative internal constancy? ________________________
Definition
HOMEOSTASIS
Term
The body’s ________________________ environment tends to remain constant even when the ______________________ environment changes.
Definition
INTERNAL, EXTERNAL
Term
What describes the body’s acceptabe range for an internal parameter: _______________
Definition
SET POINT
Term
_______________ feedback is inhibitory and more numerous.
Definition
NEGATIVE
Term
__________________ feedback is stimulatory and less common.
Definition
POSITIVE
Term
Which feedback opposes changes? ________________________
Definition
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
Term
Which feedback amplifies changes? _______________________
Definition
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
Term
Occurs inside cells and involves enzymes to regulate cell processes: _________________
Definition
INTERCELLULAR CONTROL
Term
Known as self or autoregulation and involves chemical signaling: __________________
Definition
INTRINSIC CONTROL
Term
Regulation from organ to organ involving neuronal or endocrine signaling: ___________
Definition
EXTRENSIC CONTROL
Term
ABDOMINAL
Definition
ANTERIOR TORSO BELOW DIAPHRAM
Term
ACROMIAL
Definition
SHOULDER
Term
ANTEBRACHIAL
Definition
FOREARM
Term
ANTECUBITAL
Definition
DEPRESSED AREA JUST IN FRONT OF ELBOW
Term
AXILLARY
Definition
ARMPIT
Term
BRACHIAL
Definition
UPPER PART OF THE ARM
Term
BUCCAL
Definition
CHEEK
Term
CALCANEAL
Definition
HEEL OF FOOT
Term
CARPAL
Definition
WRIST
Term
CEPHALIC
Definition
HEAD
Term
CERVICAL
Definition
NECK
Term
COXAL
Definition
HIP
Term
CRANIAL
Definition
SKULL
Term
CRURAL
Definition
LEG
Term
CUBITAL
Definition
ELBOW
Term
CUTANEOUS
Definition
SKIN
Term
DIGITAL
Definition
FINGERS OR TOES
Term
DORSAL
Definition
BACK OR TOP
Term
FACIAL
Definition
FACE
Term
FEMORAL
Definition
THIGH
Term
FRONTAL
Definition
FOREHEAD
Term
GLUTEAL
Definition
BUTTOCK
Term
HALLUX
Definition
GREAT TOE
Term
INGUINAL
Definition
GROIN
Term
LUMBAR
Definition
LOWERP ART OF BACK BETWEEN RIBS AND PELVIS
Term
MAMMARY
Definition
BREAST
Term
MANUAL
Definition
HAND
Term
MENTAL
Definition
CHIN
Term
NASAL
Definition
NOSE
Term
NAVEL
Definition
AREA AROUND NAVEL, OR UMBILICUS
Term
OCCIPTAL
Definition
BACK OF LOWER PART OF SKULL
Term
OLECRANAL
Definition
BACK OF ELBOW
Term
ORAL
Definition
MOUTH
Term
ORBITAL
Definition
EYES
Term
OPHTHALMIC
Definition
EYES
Term
OTIC
Definition
EAR
Term
PALMAR
Definition
PALM OF HAND
Term
PATELLAR
Definition
FRONT OF KNEE
Term
PEDAL
Definition
FOOT
Term
PELVIC
Definition
LOWER PORTION OF TORSO
Term
PERINEAL
Definition
AREA BETWEEN ANUS AND GENITALS
Term
PLANTAR
Definition
SOLE OF FOOT
Term
POLLEX
Definition
THUMB
Term
POPLITEAL
Definition
AREA BEHIND KNEE
Term
PUBIC
Definition
PUBIS
Term
SUPRACLAVICULAR
Definition
AREA ABOVE CLAVICLE
Term
SURAL
Definition
CALF
Term
TARSAL
Definition
ANKLE
Term
TEMPORAL
Definition
SIDE OF SKULL
Term
THORACIC
Definition
CHEST
Term
ZYGOMATIC
Definition
CHEEK
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