Details Title: A&P Organic Chem Description: Basics Review Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 09/06/2008 06:32:23		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Anatomy Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Purpose of carbohydrates Definition quick source of body fuel Term categories of carbohydrates Definition monosaccharides disaccharides polysaccharides Term monosaccharides Definition simple sugars, digestible units Term monosaccharides examples Definition pentose (5 carbon) deoxyribose, found in DNA hexose (6 carbon) glucose-blood sugar galactose fructose Term disaccharides description Definition two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis (loss of water molecule) Term reverse of dehydration synthesis Definition hydrolysis (addition of water) Term disaccharide examples Definition sucrose - table sugar lactose - milk sugar maltose - malt sugar Can't be disgested without hydrolysis Term Polysaccharide description Definition long chains of simple sugars, linked by dehydration Term polysaccharide examples Definition starch - plant sugar glycogen - animal tissue sugar Term Lipds description Definition fats Term categories of lipids Definition triglycerides - fatty acids and glycerol (nonpolar) phospholipids - have both polar and nonpolar traits steroids - see examples eicosanoids - see example Term categories of triglycerides Definition saturated - one covalent bond between carbons unsaturated - one or more double bonds between carbons transfats omega 3 fatty acids Term phospholipids Definition used to build cell membranes Term amphipathic Definition having both polar and nonpolar traits Term steroids Definition Adrenocortisol Bile Salts Cholesterol "D" vitamin Sex hormones Term adrenocortisol Definition regulates blood sugar and salt/water balance in body Term Bile Salts Definition fat digestion and absorption Term Cholesterol Definition involved in manufacture of all body steroids Term Eicosanoids example Definition prostaglandin-regulates blood clotting, inflammation and labor contractions Term Proteins - building blocks Definition made up of combinations of 20 different types of amino acid. Can act as acid or base. Term Proteins - form Definition long chains of amino acids joined by dehydration. Term Peptide bond Definition The bond between amino acids in a protein chain Term Proteins in order or complexity Definition primary - strand of beads secondary - alpha helix or beta sheet tertiary - alpha or beta folded into itself quaternary - clump Term Fibrous proteins (shape) Definition usually primary or secondary form Term Fibrous protein (forms) Definition structural, found in collagen, keratin, elastin, contractile muscle Term globular protein (shapes) Definition tertiary or quaternary Term globular proteins (forms) Definition functional, found in antibodies, growth areas, catalysts Term denatured protein Definition Protein has lost its shape due to ph or temp variation. Is reversible within certain tolerances. Term Protein Regulators Definition chaperonins enzymes/catalysts Term chaperonins Definition ensure correct folding action and flush out damaged proteins. Term Enzyme classification Definition 1. pure protein 2. holoenzyme (usually metallic) 3. coenzyme (mostly vitamins) Term Enzyme action Definition 1. Enzyme's active site binds with substrate 2. Enzyme & substrate rearrange to form product 3. Enzyme releases product