Term
| In males releases ( ) which causes the to release two hormones: , and . |
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Definition
| In males the hypothalamus releases Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) which causes the anterior pituitary to release two hormones: leutinizing Hormone, and follicle stimulating horomone. |
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Term
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Definition
| binds the interstitial cells of Leydig, causing testosterone release |
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Term
| Follicle stimulating Hormone |
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Definition
| stimulates testicular sertoli cells (nurse cells) to release Androgen Binding Protein, which causes spermatogenic cells to bind testosterone promoting spermatogenesis. |
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Term
| When sperm count is high, sertoli cells |
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Definition
| When sperm count is high, sertoli cells release inhibin. |
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Term
| What does inhibin target and what does it inhibit? |
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Definition
- targets the hypothalamus, inhibiting GnRH release
- targets the anterior pituitary inhibiting FSH/LH release |
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Term
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Definition
| GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus increses |
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Term
| What does the secretion of GnRH from the hypothalamus cause? |
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Definition
| an increase in FSH and LH secretions from the anterior pituitary |
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Term
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Definition
| FSH mainly stimulates follicular growth |
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Term
| LH stimulates ovarian to secrete . |
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Definition
| LH stimulates ovarian thecal cells to secrete testosterone. |
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Term
| Thecal cells surround the and they are superficial to cells. |
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Definition
| Thecal cells surround the primary follicle and they are superficial to granulosa cells |
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Term
| secreted testosterone is converted to within the via the enzyme . |
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Definition
| Secreted testosterone is converted to estrogen within the granulose cells via the enzyme aromatase. |
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Term
| While the follicle is still small, there is estrogen release |
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Definition
| While the follicle is still small, there is low estrogen release. |
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Term
| At the anterior pituitary low estrogen the of LH and FSH, but the low estrogen INHIBITS the of LH and FSH |
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Definition
| At the anterior pituitary low estrogen stimulates the production of LH and FSH, but the low estrogen INHIBITS the RELEASE of LH and FSH. |
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Term
| At the , low estrogen causes the insertion of on the . |
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Definition
| At the ovary, low estrogen causes the insertion of FSH receptors on the follicle. |
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Term
| What happens after the insertion of FSH receptors on the follicle? |
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Definition
| Follicle becomes highly sensitve to the FSH that was released before the inhibition, therefore the follicle is allowed to grow under the influence of the "leftover" FSH |
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Term
| The the follicle the estrogen is released. |
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Definition
| The LARGER the follicle the more estrogen is released. |
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Term
| At the anterior pituitary estrogen levels cause the accumulated FSH/LH to be released in a . |
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Definition
| At the anterior pituitary high estrogen levels cause the accumulated FSH/LH to be released in a normal surge. |
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Term
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Definition
| LH surge prompts the primary oocyte of a secondary follicle to complete its first meiotic division which results in a Graafian follicle with a secondary oocyte begins Meiosis II and arrests in metaphase II |
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Term
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Definition
| LH surge triggers ovulation, and secondary oocyte is released from the Graafian Follicle |
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Term
| The ruptured follicle is transformed first into the then into the . |
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Definition
| The ruptured follicle is transformed first into the corpus hemorrhagicum, then into the corpus luteum |
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Term
| THe corpus luteum begins to secrete the hormone , which inhibits the from releasing LH and FSH (prevents new follicular growth and ovulation in case the is fertilized) |
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Definition
| The corpus luteum begins to secrete the hormone progesterone, which inhibits the anterior pituitary from releasing LH and FSH (prevents new follicular growth and ovulation in case the oocyte is fertilized) |
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Term
Days 15- 25:
if there is no fertilization the degenerates to the |
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Definition
| if there is no fertilization the corpus luteum degenerates to the corpus albicans. |
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Term
| Fertilization: persists for ~ then it turns into the (placenta takes over secretion) |
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Definition
| Fertilization: corpus luteum persists for ~ 3 months then it turns into the corpus albicans (placenta takes over the progesterone secretion) |
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Term
Days 26-28: if fertilization does not occur:
Because there is no and therefore no release, FSH and LH secretion from the begins again. |
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Definition
Days 26-28: if fertilization does not occur:
because there is no corpus luteum and therefore no progesterone release, FSH and LH secretion from the anterior pituitary begins again. |
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