Details Title: A & P II part B test 5 Description: Urinary tract system for test 5 Total Flash Cards: 50 Created: 10/30/2008 15:31:25		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Anatomy Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term What is ADH? Definition Antidiuretic Hormone: Vasopressin Term Where is ADH hormone made? Definition In the Hypothalmus Term What organ contains and releases ADH? Definition Posterior Pituitary Term What causes the release of this hormone? Definition Decrease in blood volume and Osmoreceptors will sense high osmolarity Term Which receptors in the Hypothalamus regulate ADH? Definition Osmoreceptors Term What are the actions of ADH? Definition Increase water permeability in principle cells of DCT and CT Term What is the effect of ADH on blood volume? Definition Increase blood volume to normal Term What effects does Alcohol have on ADH? Definition Inhibits ADH and causes increased urination Term What is ANP? Definition Atrial Naturiuretic Peptide Term What cells release ANP? Definition Right Atrial Cells Term What triggers the release of ANP? Definition Presso-receptors in these cells detect the stretch caused by increased blood volume Term What are the actions of ANP? Definition Diuresis, Natriuresis, (Inhibit ADH, Aldosterone, and Renin),Glomerulus of kidney in dialating afferent and constricting efferent Term What is Diuresis? Definition Increased excretion of water Term What is Natriuresis? Definition Increased excretion of sodium Term Does ANP increase or decrease the release of ADH, aldosterone, and renin? Definition Inhibit Term What effect does ANP have on the glomerulus of kidney? Definition Dialates Afferent and Constricts Efferent Term Does ADH dialate Afferent or Efferent? Definition Afferent Term Does ADH constrict Afferent or Efferent? Definition Efferent Term What effect does ANP have on blood volume? Definition Decreases blood volume Term Does ANP increase or decrease blood volume? Definition Decrease Term What organ releases adrenaline to mimic sympathetic stimulation and is extrinsic regulation stimulation? Definition Adrenal Medulla Term Name 2 Extrinsic regulators? Definition ADH- Antidiuretic Hormone ANP- Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Term When the Adrenal Medulla releases adrelaline to mimic sympathetic stimulation, does it incrase or decrease urination? Definition Decrease Term Does exercise increase or decrease urination? Definition Decrease Term What does Intrinsic regulation mean with respect to the kidneys? Definition control is from WITHIN the kidneys Term Describe the Myogenic mechanism that operates in Intrinsic regulation. Definition smooth muscles contract when the walls of afferent arterioles are stretched- high bp- smooth muscles contract to decrease GFR Term What type of mechanism is Renin? Definition Angiotensin mechanism Term Which cells release Renin? Definition JG cells (Juxtaglomerular ) Term What does the Macula Densa (DCT) detect? Definition Detects an increase in osmolarity- Directly signal JG cells to secrete Renin Term What type of receptors does teh Juxtaglomerular cells have (afferent arteriole)? Definition Presso Receptors that detect decreased stretch due to low blood volume Term What does the Juxtaglomerular apparatus do? Definition Renin will be released to increase volume and blood pressure Term How does the Renal Sympathetic nerve stimulation work? Definition With exercise, afferent arteriole is constricted anddecreases blood flow- decrease in GFR-decrease in Urine=increase in blood volume Term How is Angiotensin I made? Definition Angiotensinogen and Renin Term Name an active precursor made by the liver to make angiotensin I Definition Angiotensinogen Term How is Angiotensin II made? Definition ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) + Angiotensin I Term What is the composition of Angiotensin II? Definition Angioensin I + ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) Term What do ACE inhibitors do? Definition Control bp in hypertensive patients Term Can angiotensin II cause release of Aldosterone? Definition Yes, from Adrenal Cortex Term When Aldosterone is released, what is reabsorbed, and what is secreted? Definition 100% reabsorption of Na+, water follows, Secretion of K+ or H+ Term When Angiotensin II is activated, does it stimulate the thirst center? Definition Yes in hypothalmus- take in liquid and increase blood volume Term Can Angiotensin II cause the release of ADH? Definition Yes (secreted by posterior pituitary) Term When ADH is released, is water reabsorption increased or decreased? Definition Increased Term When angiotensin II is activated, what happens to the Efferent arterioles? Definition Vasoconstriction- increases GFR Term When Angiotensiin II is activated, what happens to smooth muscle cells? Definition Constrict to increase blood pressure which increases GFR Term In Tubular reabsorption, what is returned to the blood stream? Definition Filtrate Term In tubular reabsorption, which Convoluted tubule is responsible for the majority of reabsorption and contains microvilli? Definition Proximal Convoluted tubule Term Which convoluted tubule is responsible for fine tuning and reabsorption? Definition Distal convoluted tubule Term What 2 capillaries are involved in tubular reabsorption? Definition Vasa Recta and Pertitubular capillaries Term Where are the Vasa recta capillaries? Definition Capillaries around the Loop of Henle Term Where are the Pertitubular Capillaries? Definition Around the PCT and DCT