Details Title: A&D 2010: Misc Description: Miscellaneous stuff Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 01/27/2007 08:24:38		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Medical Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Bacteria capable of intracellular growth Definition * Mycobacteria * Listeria monocytogenes * Rickettsia Term Cytokines produced by macrophages to amplify the innate immune response Definition * G-CSF: increases white cell count * TNF-α: adhesion, respiratory burst, lymphokine synthesis * NO: vasodilation * IL-1: pyogen, lymphocyte and neutrophil activation * IL-6: B cell activation, triggers hepatic synthesis of acute phase reactants Term Only process by which antibody diversity is generated following exposure to antigen Definition Somatic hypermutation Term Normal mouth flora Definition * S. viridans (α-hemolytic) * S. mutans * Bacteroides * Fusobacterium Term Normal GI flora Definition * Small intestine (more aerobic): Enterococci, lactobacilli * Large intestine, rectum, anus (more anaerobic): Bacteroides, Clostridia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus Term Normal upper respiratory flora Definition * Staphylococcus * Streptococcus Term Normal genitourinary tract flora Definition * Upper tract: usually sterile * Lower tract (urethra): facultative aerobic Gram-negative (E. coli, P. mirabilis) * Females: Lactobacillus, Candida (fungus) Term Function of diphtheria exotoxin from Corynebacterium diphtheriae Definition Inhibit protein synthesis Term Most common etiological agent of invasive bacterial disease in newborns Definition Streptococcus agalatiae Term In what host structure does replication and transcription occur during the influenza A growth cycle? Definition Host nucleus Term Where in the host cell are virions assembled during an HSV-1 infection? Definition Nucleus Term Is Pseudomonas oxidase-positive or -negative? Definition Positive (it's an aerobe -- remember PMMNNH for aerobes) Term Basilar skull fracture puts you at risk for infection by what organism? Definition S. pneumoniae Term Key enzymes involved in neutrophil's oxidative burst Definition * NADPH oxidase * Myeloperoxidase Term Chemokine causing macrophage to migrate to site of infection Definition IL-8 Term Cytokine causing macrophage to upregulate receptor expression Definition IFN-γ Term Cytokine capable of inducing C-reactive protein expression Definition IL-6 Term Bacteria with superantigens Definition * S. pneumoniae * N. meningitidis Term Drug for treating bacterial meningitis that causes gray baby syndrome Definition Chloramphenicol Term Macrolides niche uses and side effects Definition * Pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, chlamydia * Streptococcus, S. aureus, atypical bacteria (and azithromycin and clarithromycin can also do H. influenzae) * GI upsets Term Linezolid niche uses and toxicities Definition * MRSA, VRE * Thrombocytopenia, serotonin-syndrome Term Clindamycin niche uses and toxicities Definition * Gram-positive cocci, anaerobes (not B. frag) * Dental infections, mixed infections with anaerobes * Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis Term Pseudomonas β-lactamase is encoded on chromosome or plasma? Definition Chromosome Term Two bacteria with altered binding sites for β-lactam drugs Definition * S. pneumoniae * S. aureus Term Treatment for nosocomial MRSA Definition * Vancomycin * Linezolid * Daptomycin Term Treatment for community-acquired MRSA Definition * Vancomycin * Linezolid * Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole * Clindamycin Term Suffix common to HIV-1 protease inhibitors Definition -navir Term Two non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors Definition * Nevirapine * Efavirenz Term What antiretroviral drug class is also a potent CYP inhibitor? Definition Protease inhibitors Term Synonyms for positive and negative selection of T cells Definition * Positive selection = MHC restriction * Negative selection = self tolerance Term Daptomycin niche uses and side effects Definition * MRSA, VRE * Myopathy, muscle pain Term Drug to give AIDS patient to protect against fungal pneumonia Definition TMP-SMX (to protect against Pneumocystis)