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8th Grade Am.History Chapter 6
Terms in Chapter 6 The American Nation
22
History
8th Grade
09/11/2011

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Term
radical
Definition
one who wants to make drastic changes in society
Term
Patriot
Definition
favored war with the British
Term
allies
Definition
formed political alliances to achieve a common goal
Term
mercenary
Definition
worked for hire as a professional soldier
Term
Loyalist
Definition
favored peaceful solutions to the conflict with the British
Term
Second Continental Congress - May, 1775
Definition
few delegates wanted a break with Britain
Term
Olive Branch Petition
Definition
declared loyalty to the King; sent by the Second Continental Congress after the battles at Lexington and Concord
Term
list of wrongs that led to the Americans to break away from Britain
Definition
the second part of the Declaration of Independence
Term
idea of natural rights
Definition
stated in the first part of the Declaration of Independence
Term
statement that all political ties with Britain have been cut
Definition
the last part of the Declaration of Independence
Term
Yorktown
Definition
final battle of the Revolutionary War
Term
Saratoga
Definition
turning point in the war; ended the British threat to New England; convinced the French to become an ally of the United States
Term
Clinton
Definition
British Commander in chief who expected to supplement his troops with volunteers of backcountry southerners
Term
Lafayette
Definition
young French noble who brought trained soldiers to help the Patriot cause; became one of Washington's most trusted advisors
Term
Bernardo de Galvez
Definition
governor of Spanish Louisiana who helped the Patriot cause by seizing British forts on the southwest frontier
Term
Thomas Paine
Definition
author of "Common Sense," a pamphlet that greatly influenced colonial thinking toward independence
Term
Richard Henry Lee
Definition
influenced by reading Common Sense and introduced a resolution at the Second Continental Congress in favor of independence
Term
Treaty of Paris 1783
Definition
British recognize the United States as an independent country with a border from the Atlantic to the Mississippi. Florida was returned to Spain. American agreed to pay Loyalists for lost property.
Term
strengths of the colonial army
Definition
knowing geography, men had guns and knew how to use them, foreign aid, growing patriotism, effective leader
Term
John Paul Jones
Definition
defeated the warship the Serapis in the North Sea, September 1779
Term
Bunker Hill
Definition
at Boston, the first major battle of the Revolutionary War; won by the British but proved Americans could fight bravely.
Term
Valley Forge
Definition
camp during the hard winter of 1777-1778 for Washington and his troops; remembered for the great suffering endured by the soldiers: lack of housing, food, clothing, ammunition, medicine, etc.
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