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8/17 DNA Technology
Crawford Theme1
15
Biology
Graduate
08/25/2011

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Term
Cloning
Definition
The process of generating many identical copies of a recombinant DNA molecule
Term
Restriction endonucleus
Definition
- Enzymes that recognize specific DNA sequences and cleave at or near these sequences
- Can make blunt or staggered/sticky cuts
- If EcoR1 cuts at a 6 sequence area, then it cuts once every 4k bases or 4^6
Term
Vector
Definition
DNA molecule into which DNA of interest is inserted for cloning.
Must have:
1) Polylinker
2) Origin of replication
3) Selection trait (amp resistance)
Term
Host
Definition
Organism used to propagate DNA molecule (E. coli or yeast as needed)
Term
Transformation
Definition
Process of DNA being taken up
Term
Transformants
Definition
recombinant-containing bacteria
Term
Hybridization
Definition
Act of two complementary single-stranded nucleic acid polymers combining
Term
DNA Library
Definition
a collection of recombinant clones from a given source; 2 subdivisions are cDNA libs which are made from mRNA (thus exons that the sample source actually expresses) and genomic (genomic DNA)
Term
cDNA
Definition
synthetic DNA made from mRNA using RT
Term
Southern Blot
Definition
A filter to which DNA has been transferred after Gel electrophoresis to to seperate DNA by size; Westerns are for protein and Northern for RNA
Term
(DNA) Ligase
Definition
Joins two strads of DNA together as long as overhands can basepair
Term
Library Cloning strategy
Definition
Insert + Vector; Ligate and transform e. coli; grow in media, distribute on plate and grow (amp plates), trasnfer to filter lyse and hybridize DNA with probe
Term
Clone Analysis
Definition
DNA Gel -> Souter Blot -> Hybridization
Term
Dideoxy method
Definition
Use dideoxy nucleotides to terminate chain elongation. Basically you have DNA in 4 lanes one for each nucleotide with primer + regular nucleotides and dideoxy and DNA pol and let it run so you have various length strands then run the gel. The strands will run differnet lengths allowing you to read the bands along each well for the sequence
Term
PCR
Definition

 

Enzymatic amplification of a DNA fragmentusing primers and heat stable DNA pol

 

1) Denature (94) seperates the strands 2. Annealing (50-65) allows primers to hybridize to complementary site 3. Extension (72*) to extend primers and generate PCR product

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