Term
|
Definition
biological vs. psychosocial
genetic vs. environment
nature vs. nurture |
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Term
| Directional growth for newborns |
|
Definition
cephalocaudal (head and brain, then everything else)
&
Proximal to distal (parts closest to trunk grow first) |
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|
Term
| Major Influences on Growth & Development |
|
Definition
| Genetics, Prenatal/caregiver factors (prenatal nutrition, age, neglect), and environment/nutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
self-gratification, unconscious/
mediator, conscious/
conscience, conscious |
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Term
| Stages of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory |
|
Definition
Orville Asked Phyllis to Let Go
Oral: 0-18 mo.; eating, biting, sucking
Anal: 8 mo. - 4y; toileting
Phallic: 3-7 y; gender differences
Latent: 7-12 y; sex-role ID
Genital: 12-20 y; overt sexual relation |
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|
Term
| Stages of Piaget's Cognitive Theory |
|
Definition
sensorimotor 0-2; tests environment
pre-operational 2-7; understanding
concrete operational 7-11; logic
formal operational 11+; values |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, at 12-18 mo., child understands that objects exist when out of view |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| part of Piaget's preoperational stage, at 4-7 years, child will use play to understand life (playing house to understand family dynamic, etc.); demonstrating medical procedures on dolls/stuffed animals can be very helpful with children in this stage |
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|
Term
| Childhood Stages of Erickson's Psychosocial Theory |
|
Definition
Infancy: Trust v. Mistrust
Toddlerhood: Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt
Preschool: Initiative v. Guilt
Elementary: Industry v. Inferiority |
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|
Term
| Adolescent+ Stages of Erickson's Psychosocial Theory |
|
Definition
Adolescence: Identity v. Role Confusion
Young Adulthood: Intimacy v. Isolation
Mid Adult'd: Generativity v. Stagnation
Later Adulthood: integrity v. despair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| practice of older adults of telling stories from their lives; mechanism of avoiding despair |
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|
Term
| Havinghurst's Developmental Tasks for Infancy/early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence |
|
Definition
physiological stability,
physical/moral development, &
body acceptance/emotional independence |
|
|
Term
| Havinghurst's Developmental Tasks for young adulthood, middle adulthood, & later maturity |
|
Definition
select mate/start family,
physical change adjustment/work maintenance, &
decreased strength acceptance (living arrangements) |
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|
Term
| Gould's Theory of Transformation (definition) |
|
Definition
development based on changing self-perceptions and independence
independence from parents at 22-28
increased self-acceptance at 50-60 |
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Term
| Aspects of Levinson's Individual Life Structure |
|
Definition
Self (values, motives)
Social/Cultural Aspects (family, career, religion)
Roles (husband, father, friend) |
|
|
Term
| Kohlberg's Moral Development Stages |
|
Definition
Pre-conventional: external control
Conventional: conforming to sig other
post-conventional: internalized values |
|
|
Term
| Gilligan's Moral Development |
|
Definition
Females: Response & Care
vs.
Males: Justice |
|
|
Term
| James Fowler's Faith Development (Definition) |
|
Definition
| Development of one's belief system, including the questioning of principles during adolescence, and the integration of other viewpoints during middle adulthood |
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Term
| Expected behavior of a non-English speaking child in pain |
|
Definition
| defensive, combative, scared |
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|
Term
| Importance of knowledge of development |
|
Definition
| knowing the human is complex and their needs change as they develop is essential to providing adequate healthcare |
|
|
Term
Developmental Care Strategy for:
toddlers
preschoolers
elementary schoolers
adolescents
the elderly |
|
Definition
expect regression
allow to play with equipment
explain procedures
involve adolescent
assess coping ability |
|
|
Term
| Important Cause of Death, and Focus of Nursing Care for 0-24 yo's |
|
Definition
| Unintentional injuries--counseling: injury prevention |
|
|
Term
| Leading Causes of Death in 65+-y.o.'s |
|
Definition
Malignant Neoplasms (cancer)
heart disease
CVD |
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