Term
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Definition
V: Retroviridae family HIV-2 is less common and milder Transmitted through body fluids Modes of transmission: sex, IDU, MTC, breastfeeding Destoys immune cells like CD4+ T-cells
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Term
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Definition
HIV infection + onset of opportunistic infections (OI) = AIDS Common OIs: TB, chronic diarrhea, chronic pneumonia (PCP Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia), fungal like Cryptococcus and thrush, Kaposi's sarcoma Cannot 'catch' AIDS, syndrome not an infection Symptoms appear as CD4 cell counts decrease and HIV viral counts increase
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Term
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Definition
Primary infection: 'flu-like' symptoms for a few weeks after infection Stage 1 and 2: no symptoms or mild symptoms Stage 3: weight loss and onset of OIs Stage 4: (AIDS) serious OIs, continued weight loss, CD4 count <200 particles per mm3
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Term
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Definition
ARV-Antiretroviral drug HAART-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Prolongs duration of time between infection and onset of clinical AIDS and duration of life after onset of AIDS Not a cure, just reduces viral load Millions would benefit but do not have access to HAART
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Term
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Definition
1981: first identified in homosexual men in the US 1990: 10 million people with HIV worldwide 1995: 20 million 2000: >30 million 2005: ~40 million 2006: revised estimate - ~33million
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Term
HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa |
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Definition
10% of world's population but >60% of HIV cases 25 million infected, 2 million deaths per year >6% of adults have HIV; >30% in some countries Highest in young women and urban residents AIDS orphan: at least one parent lost to AIDS
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Term
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Definition
Adult prevalence 2%; >8 million people; >60% in India Modes of transmission: IDU, paid sex New infections in married women by husbands HIV/AIDS education is limited
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Term
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Definition
Increasing in eastern Europe due to IDU and paid sex Low prevalence in Middle East and North Africa 2 million people with HIV in South America and the Caribbean 2 million in North America and western/central Europe
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