Term
| When does a child gain control of external sphincter? |
|
Definition
| 18-24 mos, but definitely by 36 mos |
|
|
Term
| Why do infants and young children have protuberant bellies? |
|
Definition
-poor musculature
-lordosis |
|
|
Term
| What would be reasons for abnormal protuberant belly? |
|
Definition
-organomegaly
-edema
-neoplams
-cyst
-starvation
-pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| Breathing is abdominal until ___?___ years, then intercostal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aortic pulsations are normal. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What congential anomalies might be suspected if there's 1 umbilical artery (instead of 2 arteries and 1 vein)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are measurements of a normal umbilical hernia? |
|
Definition
1 1/2" diameter
3-4" protrusion |
|
|
Term
| Most umbilical hernias reach maximum size at ___?___ and disappear by ___?___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A distasis recti of ___?___ cm is normal and resolves by ___?___ yrs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an umbilical granuloma? How is it treated? |
|
Definition
-serous or serosanguinous discharge continuing after cord is off
-silver nitrate cautery |
|
|
Term
| What strategies are used in assessment of abdominal pain? |
|
Definition
-remember that children have difficulty localizing and describing pain
-observe facial expressions and cries |
|
|
Term
| Normal liver is ___?___ cm below RCM; greater than that is hepatomegaly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are causes of hepatomegaly? |
|
Definition
-infection
-cardiac failure
-liver dz
-biliary atresia |
|
|
Term
| Normal newborn spleen is ___?___ below LCM. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a child's normal spleen feel like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are causes of splenomegaly? |
|
Definition
-blood dyscrasias
-septicemia
-mononucleosis |
|
|
Term
| What is palpated in pyloric stenosis? Where? When? |
|
Definition
-olive shaped mass
-RUQ or epigastric region
-after feeding or vomiting |
|
|
Term
| Left kidney is usually lower. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
