Term
| VTP limits VTP servers and clients to use |
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Definition
VLAN 1-1005.This range of VLAN IDs is known as standard range VLANs.The standard
range ends with four reserved VLANs, 1002–1005, which are reserved for historical reasons.
VTP servers can then configure any of the other standard range VLAN IDs (2–1001)
and advertise those. |
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Term
| VTP transparent mode, or a switch that has disabled VTP |
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Definition
can configure
and use extended range VLANs, which in IOS switches extends the VLAN ID range up
to 4094. |
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Term
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Definition
1. For each trunk, send VTP messages, and listen to receive them.
2. Check my local VTP parameters versus the VTP parameters announced in the VTP
messages received on a trunk.
3. If the VTP parameters match, attempt to synchronize the VLAN configuration databases
between the two switches. |
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Term
| Requirements for VTP to Work Between Two Switches |
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Definition
■ The link between the switches must be operating as a VLAN trunk (ISL or 802.1Q).
■ The two switches’ case-sensitive VTP domain name must match.
■ If configured on at least one of the switches, both switches must have configured the
same case-sensitive VTP password. |
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Term
| Using VTP: Configuring Servers and Clients |
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Definition
Step 1. Use the vtp mode {server | client} command in global configuration mode to
enable VTP on the switch as either a server or client.
Step 2. On both clients and servers, use the vtp domain domain-name command in
global configuration mode to configure the case-sensitive VTP domain name.
Step 3. (Optional) On both clients and servers, use the vtp password passwordvalue
command in global configuration mode to configure the case-sensitive
password.
Step 4. (Optional) On servers, use the vtp pruning global configuration command to
make the domain-wide VTP pruning choice.
Step 5. (Optional) On both clients and servers, use the vtp version {1 | 2} command in
global configuration mode to tell the local switch whether to use VTP version
1 or 2 |
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Term
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Definition
Step 1. Confirm the switch names, topology (including which interfaces connect which
switches), and switch VTP modes.
Step 2. Identify sets of two neighboring switches that should be either VTP clients or
servers whose VLAN databases differ with the show vlan command.
Step 3. On each pair of two neighboring switches whose databases differ, verify the
following:
A. Because VTP messages only flow over trunks, at least one operational
trunk should exist between the two switches (use the show interfaces
trunk, show interfaces switchport, or show cdp neighbors command).
B. The switches must have the same (case-sensitive) VTP domain name
(show vtp status).
C. If configured, the switches must have the same (case-sensitive) VTP
password (show vtp password).
D. The MD5 digest should be the same, as evidence that both the domain
name and any configured passwords are the same on both switches
(show vtp status).
E. While VTP pruning should be enabled or disabled on all servers in the
same domain, having two servers configured with opposite pruning settings
does not prevent the synchronization process.
Step 4. For each pair of switches identified in Step 3, solve the problem by either troubleshooting
the trunking problem or reconfiguring a switch to correctly match
the domain name or password.
VTP also has a few related commands that you might think would prevent synchronization,
but they do not. Remember these facts about VTP for items that do not cause a problem
for VTP synchronization:
■ The VTP pruning setting does not have to match on neighboring switches (even though
in a real VTP network you would likely use the same setting on all switches).
■ The VTP version does not have to match between two switches that are any combination
of VTP server and client for neighboring switches to synchronize.
■ When deciding if VTP has synchronized, note that the administrative status of a VLAN
(per the shutdown vlan vlan-id global configuration command and the shutdown
command in VLAN configuration mode) is not communicated by VTP. So two neighboring
switches can know about the same VLAN, with that VLAN shut down on one switch
and active on the other. |
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Term
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Definition
■ If you do not intend to use VTP, configure each switch to use transparent mode (vtp
mode transparent) or off mode (vtp mode off).
■ If using VTP server or client mode, always use a VTP password. That way a switch that
uses default settings (server mode, with no password set) will not accidentally overwrite
the production VLAN database if connected to the production network with a trunk.
■ In a lab, if using VTP, always use a different domain name and password than you use in
production.
■ Disable trunking with the switchport mode access and switchport nonegotiate commands
on all interfaces except known trunks, preventing VTP attacks by preventing the
dynamic establishment of trunks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Global config command that defines the VTP domain name |
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Term
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Definition
| Global config command that defines the VTP password |
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Term
vtp mode {server |
client | transparent |
off} |
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Definition
| Global config command that defines the VTP mode |
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Term
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Definition
| Global config command that sets the VTP version |
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Term
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Definition
Global config command that tells the VTP server to tell all
switches to use VTP pruning |
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Term
[no] shutdown vlan
vlan-id |
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Definition
Global configuration command that administratively disables
(or enables, if using the no option) the listed VLAN on the local
switch only; not propagated by VTP |
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Term
show vlan [brief | id vlan-id |
name vlan-name | summary] |
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Definition
| Lists information about the VLAN |
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Term
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Definition
| Displays VLAN information |
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Term
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Definition
| Lists VTP configuration and status information |
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Term
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Definition
| Lists the current VTP password on the local switch |
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Term
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Definition
| Cisco proprietary Layer 2 protocol |
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Term
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Definition
| send to Mac address 01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc |
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Term
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Definition
VLAN Trunking Protocol uses three types of messages to communicate VLAN information throughout the VTP domain;
VTP Advertisement Requests – Requests for configuration information. ...
VTP Summary Advertisements – Request is sent out, every 5 min by default. ...
VTP Subset Advertisements – contains a list of VLAN information. |
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Term
| Default VTP mode in Cisco switch |
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Definition
VTP Server
Can create modify and delete vlans |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Cant change create or delete vlans
Can send and forward advertisements about VLANS |
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Term
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Definition
Do not participate in VTP
Doesnt advertise configuration about vlans to other switches
Doesnt sync VTP advertisements
in VTP version 2 switch will forwardrecieved VTP advertisementson its trunk ports |
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