Term
| Types of hormone treatments |
|
Definition
Aromatase inhibitors
Antiandrogens
Progestins
SERMs and estrogen antagonists
GnRH agonists and antagonists
Adrenocortical hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme used to synthesize estrogen from androgen |
|
|
Term
| Major site of estrogen synthesis in premenopausal women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Estrogen synthesis is postmenopausal women |
|
Definition
| Estrogens are synthesized from androstenedione in the adrenal gland and undergoes aromatization mainly in adipose tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aromatase inhibitor used for the treatment of disseminated breast cancer in postmenopaulsal women
Reacts irreversibly with aromatase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aromatase inhibitor devoid of androgenic activity that is used to treat disseminated breast cancer in postmenopausal women |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of aromatase inhibitors |
|
Definition
1) Based on steroidal nucleus
2) Non-steroidal inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors containing a triazole ring
Treats advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women (not pre) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor for advanced and early stage breast cancer in posmenopausal women |
|
|
Term
| Aminoglutethimide (Cytadren) |
|
Definition
Aromatase inhibitor used to treat advanced breast cancer (not as selective as others)
Also involves first step in the synthesis of adrenocortical steroid - the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone which is used to treat Cushing's Syndrome
Treats Cushing's syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Flutamide
2) Nilutamide
3) Bicalutamide
They all inhibit translocation of the androgen receptor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of target cells |
|
|
Term
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Nilutamide (Nilandron)
Bicalutamide (Casodex) |
|
Definition
| Antiandrogen (anilid derivative) used in conjunction with GnRH analog for metastatic prostate cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Megestrol acetate (Megace)
2) Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) |
|
|
Term
Megestrol acetate (Megace)
Medroxyprogsterone acetate (Depo-Provera) |
|
Definition
| Progestins used as second-line hormonal therapy for metastatic hormone-depdent breast cancer and management of endometrial carcinoma previously treated by surgery and radiotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective estrogeneceptor modulators aka estrogen agonist/antagonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SERM that acts as estrogen agonists in bone, brain and liver but estrogen antagonists in the breast
Treatment of choice for postmenopausa women with ER+ metastatic breast cancer or following primary tumor therapy
Also approved for long-term use in women with high risk of developing breast cancer
However, have increased risk of endometrial cancer
Reduce risk of CV disease in postmenopausal women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SERM used in metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with ER + or ER unknown tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SERM used for its antiresorptive effect on bone
Currently the subject of large study STAR (Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene) to prevent breast cancer
Approved to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pure estrogen antagonist
treat ER+ metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women who are resistant to tamoxifen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces LH and FSH which in turn cause gonads to synthesize and release androgens, progesterone, and estrogen
GnRH agonists will supress hormonal production through negative feedback |
|
|
Term
| Leuprolide acetate (Lupron) |
|
Definition
GnRH agonists used in advanced prostate cancer**
(Also endometriosis, uterine fibroids, central precocious puberty) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GnRH initial administration causes an immediate and sustained release of LH and FSH
LH and FSH supression and reduction of androgenic and estrogenic effects after 10 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GnRH antagonist used I.M to treat advanced prostate cancer
No initial flare-up but cause serious allergic reactions (Withdrawal from market in 2006) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GnRH antagonist similar to abarelix but does not cause serious allergic reaction for Advanced prostate cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adrenocortical steroid which suppress mitosis in lymphocytes used to treat acute leukemia in children and malignant lymphoma in children and adults
Prednisone is preferred glucocorticoid |
|
|
