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4th Grade Science
Chapter 3 - Rocks and Minerals - KEY TERMS
29
Science
4th Grade
02/24/2012

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Term
minerals
Definition
natural, nonliving substances that make up rocks
Term
luster
Definition
property of a mineral that describes how light reflects off the surface
Term
cleavage
Definition
property of a mineral that describes the way a mineral splits
Term
streak
Definition
property of a mineral that describes the color of the powder left when a mineral is scratched along white tile
Term
streak plate
Definition
ceramic tile used to find the streak of a mineral
Term
hardness
Definition
property of a mineral that describes its ability to scratch another mineral
Term
talc
Definition
softest mineral on Moh's scale of hardness
Term
diamond
Definition
hardest mineral on Moh's scale of hardness
Term
ores
Definition
rocks that are mined because they contain useful minerals
Term
magma
Definition
molten rock below Earth's surface
Term
lava
Definition
molten rock above the Earth's surface
Term
igneous rocks
Definition
rocks formed from melted rock
Term
intrusive
Definition
inside
Term
extrusive
Definition
outside
Term
granite
Definition
common igneous rock used as a building material
Term
sediments
Definition
tiny particles of rocks, minerals, plants, bones, or shells
Term
sedimentary rocks
Definition
rocks that form which bits of rock and other things build up and are pressed together in layers
Term
limestone
Definition
common sedimentary rock that can form on the bottom of oceans
Term
fossils
Definition
remains of animals or plants
Term
conglomerate
Definition
sedimentary rock formed from larger rocks and pebbles pressed together
Term
coal
Definition
sedimentary rock used as fuel
Term
metamorphic rocks
Definition
rocks formed by extreme heat and pressure
Term
gneiss
Definition
metamorphic rock formed from granite
Term
marble
Definition
metamorphic rock formed from limestone used in buildings and statues
Term
schist
Definition
metamorphic rock formed from slate
Term
lapis lazuli
Definition
metamorphic rock used in jewelry
Term
anthracite
Definition
metamorphic rock made from coal that is used for fuel
Term
geologists
Definition
scientists who study and identify rocks
Term
rock cycle
Definition
process by which rocks change from one form to another
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