Term
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Definition
| "What is beautiful is good." intelligent, smart, people, person |
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Term
| Attractiveness and self-fulfilling prophecy |
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Definition
| B/C ppl received in such a nice manner, act that way (are they inherent traits?) |
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Term
| Attr. & Judgements: teacher evals/ courtroom verdicts |
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Definition
| ppl get off more easily except in cases of swindling |
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Term
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Definition
| Don't like ppl who are dissimilar to us, try to avoid this b/c of awkwardness. Similarity stronger |
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Term
| Proximity/propinquity: functional distance |
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Definition
| physical distance (closeness) breeds greater liking. Dorms, bathrooms i.e. congregation pts. |
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Term
| Zajonc's Mere exposure effect |
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Definition
| more you see something, more you like it; resolution of uncertainty |
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Term
| Schacter: fear and affiliation |
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Definition
| shocks w/ppl or alone, misery loves company |
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Term
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Definition
how are p
pl feeling and environment |
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Term
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Definition
| ppl liked person they had to win over |
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Term
| What can make us more attractive/likable? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Rules in rel. in terms of how one allocates outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| contingent on how much you put in, different for everyone |
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Term
| What is CL comparison level? |
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Definition
| comparison level of outcomes anticipated/ high expectations and normal outcomes, they're not happy |
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Term
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Definition
| Comparison level of alternatives, if best alt then become dependent on relationship... if not, threaten to leave or leave |
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Term
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Definition
| analysis ppl do of a group of ppl and figuring out relationships bt. them |
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Term
| Companionate vs. passionate love |
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Definition
| friendship/ vs visceral love |
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Term
| Sternberg's triangular theory of love |
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Definition
| quantifies diff. loves: intimacy, passion, commitment |
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Term
| Fisk's relational models theory |
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Definition
| communal sharing- need based, authority ranking, equal matching, marketing pricing(prop. to CL) |
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Term
| Communal Relationships v. Exchange relationships |
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Definition
| communal (i'll be there) exchange (score keeping, what's in it for me?) |
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Term
| Rusbalt's investment model |
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Definition
| impression of ppls sense of rewards or outcomes, CL, investment, think about all of the work put in |
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Term
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Definition
| reproductive fitness, procreate w. most fit others/ attractiveness |
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Term
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Definition
Secure- trust, believe in partner
Anxious- worrying person might leave, clingyness
avoidant-"i don't need ppl" need space |
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Term
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Definition
| who has more power, has more freedom based on status, authority, dominance (JASON) |
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Term
| Social dominance orientation |
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Definition
| ppl show individual differences, the group you belong to dominating others, "our group is better" prejudice/ sterotyping |
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Term
| shacter and singer's two factor theory of emotion |
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Definition
| feel arousal, must label it |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when label arousal incorrectly |
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Term
| Zillman's theory of excitement transfer |
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Definition
| residual arousal, when we think we're back to normal and we're not, magnifies response to any event |
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Term
| Primary v. secondary appraisal |
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Definition
| primary: immediate response of interpretation/ sec. response- reflective thoughtful interpretation |
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Term
| Feelings-as-information perspective |
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Definition
| feelings as basis for judgment about life, rainy days- bad, sunny days- good life. misattribute feelings about weather to how one feels about life |
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Term
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Definition
| overestimate how long it takes us to get over a bad event, we are very resilient |
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Term
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Definition
| Only focus on that one aspect of life and not on all of the others that affect us as well, which is why we're dramatic |
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Term
| Definitions of aggression |
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Definition
| sarcasm, physical behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| primary motivation is to inflict harm |
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Term
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Definition
| behaving this way to get ahead "stepping on the little people" |
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Term
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Definition
| telling stories about someone else "burn book" using ppl agst. one another to ostracize them |
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Term
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Definition
| Historical belief about a behavior that one attributes to instincts, why is it instinct? because they showed behavior... just a label can't define anything |
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Term
| Freud's Hydraulic theory of aggression |
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Definition
| aggression builds up and have to let it out, catharsis view not supported |
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Term
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Definition
| responding strongly to a threat to the honor of your family (murder in response to familial protection in the south is okay) |
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Term
| Neural/ physiological causes of aggression |
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Definition
amygdala- testosterone
fight or flight leads to aggressiveness or escape behavior |
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Term
| Sociobiological explanations of aggression |
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Definition
| protection of offspring & territory, ward off intruders (intra-sex agression for mates) |
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Term
| Frustration-aggression hypothesis |
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Definition
| frustrated so respond aggressively (cog. view) |
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Term
| What are conditions of relative deprivation (frustration)? |
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Definition
| frustration coupled w/ events that don't fit expectations even in good situations b/c it should be better |
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Term
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Definition
| taking it out on someone else |
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Term
| Cognitive neoassociation model of aggression |
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Definition
| neg. affect- temp., physical pain, discomfort, unpleasant assocs./ weapons effect-cues aggressive behavior...... when this happens respond more negatively when coupled w/ aggression |
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Term
| hostile attributions bias |
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Definition
| infer that b/c someone bumped into me, they did it on purpose and they were being mean |
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Term
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Definition
| susceptible to irritation and ppl who get in way, horn on road |
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Term
| banduras social learning theory |
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Definition
| role of rewards and punishments in learning |
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Term
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Definition
| bad things happen, aggression way to stop it |
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Term
| direct v. observational learning |
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Definition
| what happens to others (bobo doll) observ |
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Term
| bobo doll studies/imitation |
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Definition
| if model is punished kids won't do it, if not, will do it |
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Term
| effects of tv on aggressive behav |
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Definition
| disinhibition- lose inhibitions for it, reduced when exposed repeatedly/ desensitization- physiologically respond less to it/ model behaviors? somewhat |
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Term
| phillip's work on suicides |
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Definition
| copy cat suicides and accidental deaths? |
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Term
| effects of violent pornography |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| punishment ineffective, catharsis ineffective, do evoke incompatible emotions, build empathy by imagine-set |
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Term
| Helping, sociobiological explanations |
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Definition
1.helping kin, genes
2.reciprocal helping, communities when kin not available |
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Term
mood effects on helping
+
- |
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Definition
+more helpful, wanna maintain good mood, optimism is priming aspect
-wanna get out of neg. mood |
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Term
| social exchange/cost benefit analysis |
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Definition
| s.e.-is it worth it? what if something bad happens to you? or if you will kick yourself for not helping....c.b. analysis- if dangerous will avoid helping, only if pos. benefit from helping |
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Term
| self-awareness on helping |
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Definition
| when ppl are self aware think of internalized standards and are more likely to help |
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Term
empathy-altruism
personal distress
empathic concern |
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Definition
alleviation of own stress
alleviation of others stress |
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Term
| Batson's work: Elaine study |
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Definition
| altruism view if easy or hard escape, will still help |
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Term
Norms affecting helping
-social reponsibility
-just world theory
-modeling effects on helping |
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Definition
-idea we need to help others (christmas time)
-counter, bring misfortune on themselves, selective helping
-if somebody acted that way in the past, you're more likely to do it |
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Term
Sit. factors
urban v. rural
presence of others |
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Definition
rural more likely to help, overstimulation of urban
-reduces likelihood of helping, tunnel vision |
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Term
Latane and Darley's model of bystander intervention
-stages |
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Definition
(1) Notice the event-hear or see person
(2) Interpret the event as an emergency
(3) Assume responsibility in the situation
(4) Knowing how to help
(5) Deciding to implement help |
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Term
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Definition
| i'm not gonna raise my hand, b/c i'm the only one with a question and i will look stupid |
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Term
| Diffusion of reponsibility |
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristics of victim that're important to helping |
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Definition
similarity- maximize it
perceived need- do they deserve it?
perceived relationship- greg and GJ and Maria |
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Term
| threat to self-esteem model |
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Definition
| ppl don't always want help, feels like you're condescending |
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