Details Title: 4th exam Description: N/A Total Flash Cards: 67 Created: 04/30/2009 20:34:07		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Psychology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Halo Effect Definition "What is beautiful is good." intelligent, smart, people, person Term Attractiveness and self-fulfilling prophecy Definition B/C ppl received in such a nice manner, act that way (are they inherent traits?) Term Attr. & Judgements: teacher evals/ courtroom verdicts Definition ppl get off more easily except in cases of swindling Term Repulsion Theory Definition Don't like ppl who are dissimilar to us, try to avoid this b/c of awkwardness. Similarity stronger Term Proximity/propinquity: functional distance Definition physical distance (closeness) breeds greater liking. Dorms, bathrooms i.e. congregation pts. Term Zajonc's Mere exposure effect Definition more you see something, more you like it; resolution of uncertainty Term Schacter: fear and affiliation Definition shocks w/ppl or alone, misery loves company Term Contextual factors Definition how are p pl feeling and environment Term Aronson gain/loss study Definition ppl liked person they had to win over Term What can make us more attractive/likable? Definition flattery, imitation, Term Equity theory Definition Rules in rel. in terms of how one allocates outcomes Term Equity theory formula Definition contingent on how much you put in, different for everyone Term What is CL comparison level? Definition comparison level of outcomes anticipated/ high expectations and normal outcomes, they're not happy Term What's CL ALT? Definition Comparison level of alternatives, if best alt then become dependent on relationship... if not, threaten to leave or leave Term Sociometric survey Definition analysis ppl do of a group of ppl and figuring out relationships bt. them Term Companionate vs. passionate love Definition friendship/ vs visceral love Term Sternberg's triangular theory of love Definition quantifies diff. loves: intimacy, passion, commitment Term Fisk's relational models theory Definition communal sharing- need based, authority ranking, equal matching, marketing pricing(prop. to CL) Term Communal Relationships v. Exchange relationships Definition communal (i'll be there) exchange (score keeping, what's in it for me?) Term Rusbalt's investment model Definition impression of ppls sense of rewards or outcomes, CL, investment, think about all of the work put in Term sociobiological love Definition reproductive fitness, procreate w. most fit others/ attractiveness Term Attachment styles Definition Secure- trust, believe in partner Anxious- worrying person might leave, clingyness avoidant-"i don't need ppl" need space Term Social power Definition who has more power, has more freedom based on status, authority, dominance (JASON) Term Social dominance orientation Definition ppl show individual differences, the group you belong to dominating others, "our group is better" prejudice/ sterotyping Term shacter and singer's two factor theory of emotion Definition feel arousal, must label it Term Misattribution Definition occurs when label arousal incorrectly Term Zillman's theory of excitement transfer Definition residual arousal, when we think we're back to normal and we're not, magnifies response to any event Term Primary v. secondary appraisal Definition primary: immediate response of interpretation/ sec. response- reflective thoughtful interpretation Term Feelings-as-information perspective Definition feelings as basis for judgment about life, rainy days- bad, sunny days- good life. misattribute feelings about weather to how one feels about life Term Immune neglect Definition overestimate how long it takes us to get over a bad event, we are very resilient Term Focalism Definition Only focus on that one aspect of life and not on all of the others that affect us as well, which is why we're dramatic Term Definitions of aggression Definition sarcasm, physical behavior Term Hostile aggression Definition primary motivation is to inflict harm Term Instrumental aggression Definition behaving this way to get ahead "stepping on the little people" Term Relational aggression Definition telling stories about someone else "burn book" using ppl agst. one another to ostracize them Term Instinct theories Definition Historical belief about a behavior that one attributes to instincts, why is it instinct? because they showed behavior... just a label can't define anything Term Freud's Hydraulic theory of aggression Definition aggression builds up and have to let it out, catharsis view not supported Term "Culture of honor" Definition responding strongly to a threat to the honor of your family (murder in response to familial protection in the south is okay) Term Neural/ physiological causes of aggression Definition amygdala- testosterone fight or flight leads to aggressiveness or escape behavior Term Sociobiological explanations of aggression Definition protection of offspring & territory, ward off intruders (intra-sex agression for mates) Term Frustration-aggression hypothesis Definition frustrated so respond aggressively (cog. view) Term What are conditions of relative deprivation (frustration)? Definition frustration coupled w/ events that don't fit expectations even in good situations b/c it should be better Term Displaced aggression Definition taking it out on someone else Term Cognitive neoassociation model of aggression Definition neg. affect- temp., physical pain, discomfort, unpleasant assocs./ weapons effect-cues aggressive behavior...... when this happens respond more negatively when coupled w/ aggression Term hostile attributions bias Definition infer that b/c someone bumped into me, they did it on purpose and they were being mean Term type a behavior pattern Definition susceptible to irritation and ppl who get in way, horn on road Term banduras social learning theory Definition role of rewards and punishments in learning Term neg. reinforcement Definition bad things happen, aggression way to stop it Term direct v. observational learning Definition what happens to others (bobo doll) observ Term bobo doll studies/imitation Definition if model is punished kids won't do it, if not, will do it Term effects of tv on aggressive behav Definition disinhibition- lose inhibitions for it, reduced when exposed repeatedly/ desensitization- physiologically respond less to it/ model behaviors? somewhat Term phillip's work on suicides Definition copy cat suicides and accidental deaths? Term effects of violent pornography Definition women like being raped Term deterring aggression Definition punishment ineffective, catharsis ineffective, do evoke incompatible emotions, build empathy by imagine-set Term Helping, sociobiological explanations Definition 1.helping kin, genes 2.reciprocal helping, communities when kin not available Term mood effects on helping + - Definition +more helpful, wanna maintain good mood, optimism is priming aspect -wanna get out of neg. mood Term social exchange/cost benefit analysis Definition s.e.-is it worth it? what if something bad happens to you? or if you will kick yourself for not helping....c.b. analysis- if dangerous will avoid helping, only if pos. benefit from helping Term self-awareness on helping Definition when ppl are self aware think of internalized standards and are more likely to help Term empathy-altruism personal distress empathic concern Definition alleviation of own stress alleviation of others stress Term Batson's work: Elaine study Definition altruism view if easy or hard escape, will still help Term Norms affecting helping -social reponsibility -just world theory -modeling effects on helping Definition -idea we need to help others (christmas time) -counter, bring misfortune on themselves, selective helping -if somebody acted that way in the past, you're more likely to do it Term Sit. factors urban v. rural presence of others Definition rural more likely to help, overstimulation of urban -reduces likelihood of helping, tunnel vision Term Latane and Darley's model of bystander intervention -stages Definition (1) Notice the event-hear or see person (2) Interpret the event as an emergency (3) Assume responsibility in the situation (4) Knowing how to help (5) Deciding to implement help Term Pluralistic ignorance Definition i'm not gonna raise my hand, b/c i'm the only one with a question and i will look stupid Term Diffusion of reponsibility Definition Kitty Term Characteristics of victim that're important to helping Definition similarity- maximize it perceived need- do they deserve it? perceived relationship- greg and GJ and Maria Term threat to self-esteem model Definition ppl don't always want help, feels like you're condescending