Details Title: 4N051A Description: Volume 3: Anatomy and Physiology Total Flash Cards: 275 Created: 10/16/2006 09:06:50		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Medical Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term SIZE AND SHAPE Definition How do the structures of the cells of the human body differ? Term CELL MEMBRANE Definition What is the outermost layer of a cell called? Term CYTOPLASM Definition Where are most living substances contained within a cell? Term CENTROSOMES Definition Which part of a cell carries vital DNA information to newly forming cells? Term CELL NUCLEUS Definition Which part is considered the "brain" of the cell? Term BEGINS WHEN FORMED AND ENDS WHEN COMPLETES REPRODUCTION Definition When does the life cycle of a cell begin and end? Term FOUR Definition How many general processes are involved in the cell life cycle? Term MITOSIS Definition What is the dividing of a cell's nucleus called? Term METAPHASE Definition In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in an orderly fashion and prepare to divide? Term ANAPHASE Definition In which phase of mitosis does cytoplasm division begin? Term EPITHELIAL, CONNECTIVE, MUSCLE, NERVOUS Definition What are the four general types of tissue found in the body? Term THROUGHOUT BODY-COVERING ALL SURFACES IN AND OUT & IN GLANDS Definition Where can epithelial tissue be found? Term SKELETAL, SMOOTH, CARDIAC Definition What are the three types of muscle tissue? Term THREE Definition How many general parts does a cell have? Term ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Definition The tubular system within the cell that transports molecules is the... Term MICROFILAMENTS Definition What cytoplasm components are responsible for cell contraction? Term PROPHASE Definition The first stage of mitosis is... Term CONTINUATION OF CELL GROWTH Definition What is interphase? Term CELL DIFFERENTIATION Definition The complicated process responsible for the distinction of cell characteristics is known as... Term EPITHELIAL Definition What type of tissue is the major component of glands? Term MUSCLE Definition What type of tissue can change its shape? Term STRATUM CORNEUM Definition What is the outermost layer of the epidermis? Term DERMIS Definition What layer of the skin contains blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles? Term DEAD EPIDERMAL CELLS Definition Hair shafts are composed mainly of what type of cells? Term APOCRINE Definition What type of sweat gland is usually connected to hair follicles? Term SEBACEOUS Definition What type of glands secretes sebum? Term BOSY TEMPERATURE REGULATION, PROTECTION, EXTERNAL PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Definition What are the functions of the integumentary system? Term DILATE TO PERMIT INCREASED BLOOD FLOW & STIMULATE SWEATING Definition When external temperatures are high, what do the blood vessels in the skin do and why? Term MELANIN Definition What substance is produced in the deepest layer of the epidermis to protect skin against damage from ultraviolet rays of the sun? Term MELANIN Definition What substance is produced in the deepest layer of the epidermis to protect skin against damage from ultraviolet rays of the sun? Term DECREASES SKIN ELASTICITY Definition How does aging affect the skin? Term PRIMARY AND SECONDARY Definition What are the two categories of lesions found in the integumentary system? Term TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS Definition What condition could result from a blockage of capillary flow? Term FURUNCULOSIS Definition What is the medical term for a boil? Term INFANTS Definition What age group does thrush commonly affect? Term PARONYCHIA Definition What condition results in visible inflammation of the nail bed and local tenderness? Term HEMATOMA Definition What condition can result when larger blood vessels rupture and cause a pooling of blood beneath the skin surface? Term DEEP Definition Whate type of frostbite is characterized by mottled blue-white skin? Term PARTIAL -THICKNESS (SECOND DEGREE) Definition Blisters are a sign of what type of burn? Term 18% Definition An adult's entire right leg accounts for what percentage of body surface area? Term STRATUM SPINOSUM Definition The third layer of the epidermis is the... Term DERMIS Definition Sebaceous glands are located in the... Term BLOOD VESSEL CONSTRICTION Definition Lower external temperatures result in... Term WHEAL Definition A localized skin elevation that lasts less than 24 hours is a... Term THICKENING OF THE SKIN Definition What is Lichenification? Term BENIGN TUMORS Definition What are moles classified as? Term PEDICULOSIS CORPORIS Definition Which of the following conditions is caused by a parasite? Intertrigo Furunculosis Tinea Corporis Pediculosis Corporis Term 18% Definition What percentage of body surface area is affected if an adult has burns on the chest and abdomen? Term PERIOSTEUM Definition What is the outermost portion of a bone called? Term COMPACT BONE Definition What is the main portion of a bone called? Term ROUNDED BONE END THAT NORMALLY JOINS WITH ANOTHER BONE Definition What is a condyle? Term MORE THAN 500 Definition How many muscles are in the body? Term EPIMYSIUM Definition What is the outer surface of a muscle called? Term MULTIUNIT Definition What type of muscle is found on the walls of blood vessels? Term FIBROUS Definition What type of joint is a suture? Term SYNOVIAL Definition What type of joint is a condyloid? Term BLOOD CELL FORMATION Definition What is hematopoiesis? Term OSTEOPOROSIS Definition What condition results from a loss of bone mineral content? Term BONE TUMOR Definition Increased temperature in an area of bone mass is one symptom of what bone disease? Term WRIST AND HANDS Definition Which part of the upper extremities does rheumatoid arthritis most commonly affect? Term OVERSTRETCHED OR TORN MUSCLES Definition What is muscle strain? Term NONDISPLACED Definition A bone fracture with no obvious deformity is classified as what type of fracture? Term A BREAK THAT EXTENDS AT AN ANGLE ACROSS THE BONE Definition Describe an oblique fracture. Term BELOW THE SITE OF INJURY Definition Where will numbness often be experienced i relation to a herniated disk? Term VERY LITTLE COMPACT BONE Definition Bone ends contain: The medullary cavity Very little compact bone Many nerves and blood vessels More compact bone than any other part of the bone Term ARTICULATE Definition What is the term used to describe the joining of two or more bones? Term FASCIA Definition The epimysium is located beneath the... Term PERIMYSIUM Definition The muscle layer that lies just below the epimysium is the... Term SYNCHONDROSIS Definition What type of joint joins the sternum and the first rib? Term OVER 50 YEARS OLD Definition Osteoarthritis is commonly seen in patients who are what age? Term TRANSVERSE Definition A break that extends straight across a bone is classified as what type of fracture? Term FEET Definition Which are is most likely to be affected by tendinitis? Feet Jaw Ribs Neck Term MEDIASTINUM Definition In what area of the thorax is the heart located? Term MITRAL (BICUSPID) Definition What valve is between the left atrium and the left ventricle? Term SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR VENA CAVA Definition What are the two largest veins in the body? Term ANTIGEN A, ANTIGEN B, AND Rh FACTOR D Definition What type of antigens and Rh factor does a person with type AB+ blood have? Term MAINTAIN PROPER FLUID BALANCE AND DEFEND AGAINST INFECTION Definition What are the two functions of the lymphatic system? Term LYMPHATIC TRUNKS Definition After passing through the lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels merge to form what component of the lymphatic system? Term LEFT SUBCLAVIAN VEIN Definition What vein is joined to the thoracic duct? Term ONE OF THE TWO SUBCLAVIAN VEINS Definition Into which vein or veins does all lymph eventually empty? Term INFECTION-FIGHTING ORGANISMS IN LYMPH Definition What are macrophages? Term TO FIGHT INFECTION Definition What is the function of lymphocytes? Term ARTERIOSCLEROSIS Definition What condition is caused byt the buildup of calcium deposits inside the arteries? Term CHOLESTEROL Definition What is the most common cause of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries? Term THE INABILITY OF BLOOD TO CLOT PROPERLY Definition What is the common problem associated with all types of hemophilia? Term CARDIAC TAMPONADE Definition What condition is characterized by the presence of blood leaking into the pericardial sac? Term BY DETERMINING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURES Definition How is pulse pressure determined? Term TRICUSPID VALVE Definition The valve that leads from the right atrium to the right ventricle is the... Term NO ANTIGEN A, NO ANTIGEN B, Rh FACTOR D IS PRESENT Definition What are the characteristics of type O+ blood? Term DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE Definition The pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is at rest between contractions is called what? Term PULMONARY VEIN Definition Oxygenated blood travels from the lungs back to the heart through what? Term EFFERENT LYMPHATIC VESSELS Definition Vessels that lead out of the lymph nodes are called... Term SPLEEN Definition What is the largest lymphatic organ? Term A COLLECTING DUCT Definition Lymph is transported throught the lymphatic trunk directly to... Term LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES Definition What are the two infection-fighting organisms associated with the lymph nodes? Term AN EMBOLUS Definition A blood clot that breaks free and travels throught the circulatory system until it becomes lodged in a smaller vessel is called... Term 3 TO 5 MINUTES Definition The pain associated with angina pectoris normally lasts how long? Term WEAK PULSE Definition Which of the following is a symptom of cardiac tamponade? Weak pulse Strong pulse Steadily increasing pulse pressure Pulse pressure remains unchanged Term SIZE AND EXTENT OF INJURY Definition The seriousness of a puncture wound or laceration to the heart or blood vessels is dependent on what? Term CAPILLARIES Definition To what part of the circulatory system are the alveoli directly connected? Term PROTECT THE LUNGS Definition What is the main function of the pleurae? Term TWO Definition How many layers do the pleurae have? Term THREE Definition How many lobes does the right lung have? Term BETWEEN THE RIBS Definition Where are the intercostal muscles? Term THE NEED TO ELIMINATE CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE BODY Definition What is the primary stimulus to breathe? Term PHRENIC NERVES Definition What controls the action of the diaphragm? Term 6 LITERS Definition When filled to capacity, approximately how much air can the lungs hold? Term SPUTUM Definition What test is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of active TB? Term EMPHYSEMA Definition What disease is characterized by the enlargement, over-distention, and destructive changes in the air space of the lungs? Term AN INFECTION THAT CAUSES INFLAMMATION OF THE PLEURAL SAC, RESULTING IN PAIN DURING RESPIRATION Definition What is pleurisy? Term FLAIL CHEST Definition "Paradoxical motion" is a sign of what condition? Term PNEUMOTHORAX Definition What term is used to indicate the presence of air in the thoracic cavity? Term HEMOTHORAX Definition What condition is characterized by the presence of blood, instead of air, in the pleural space? Term NASOPHARYNX Definition What is the superior portion of the pharynx that contains the eustacian tubes? Term THREE SINGLE AND THREE PAIRED CARTILAGES Definition What is the larynx composed of? Term FORWARD AND SLIGHTLY UPWARD Definition During inhalation, the intercostal muscular contraction permits the ribs to move in what directions? Term TIDAL AIR Definition What is the amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs with each natural respiration known as? Term PNEUMONIA Definition What condition is aspiration of fluid into the lungs most likely to cause? Asthma Pneumonia Tuberculitis Chronic bronchitis Term THREE OR MORE RIBS FRACTURED IN AT LEAST TWO PLACES Definition A flail chest is characterized by what? Term TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX Definition What is tracheal deviation to the uninjured side of the chest most likely a sign of? Term CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND PERIFERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Definition What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? Term FRONTAL LOBE Definition Where is the motor area of the cerebum located? Term OCULOMOTOR NERVE Definition What is the name of the third cranial nerve? Term VOLUNTARY Definition What type of movements does the somatic nervous system control? Term SYMPATHETIC Definition What part of the nervous system automatically causes the body functions to speed up? Term PARASYMPATHETIC Definition What part of the nervous system automatically causes body functions to return to normal? Term 35 Definition Migraine headaches usually occur less frequently after what age? Term 10 MINUTES TO SEVERAL HOURS Definition What is the duration of each cluster headache? Term TWO Definition How many general categories of convulsions are there? Term CRANIAL NERVE Definition What type of disorder is Bell's palsey? Term CSF IN THE NOSE OR EARS Definition What is one sign of a serious brain injury? Term HEAD TRAUMA PRODUCING A BRIEF LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS, IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWED BY CONFUSION OR MEMORY LOSS Definition What causes a concussion? Term BELOW THE LEVEL OF THE INJURY Definition Where will loss of function be evident in a case of severed spinal cord? Term SYNAPSES Definition What are the small spaces between neurons called? Term BIPOLAR Definition What type of neuron has one axon extending from one end of the soma and one dendrite extending from the other? Term CONTROL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN ITSELF Definition The primary functions of the cerebellum are to coordinate muscular movements and... Term SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Definition The "fight-or-flight" reaction is controlled by the... Term PREVENT EXTENSIVE OVERWORKING OF THE BODY Definition The parasympathetic nervous system is designed to... Term TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES Definition What are grand mal seizures also known as? Term INFANTS AND CHILDREN Definition Which groups of people does meingitis primarily affect? Term CONCUSSION Definition Temporary loss of memory is most likely a sign of a brain... Laceration Contusion Hematoma Concussion Term BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, GLANDS, & LYMPHATIC VESSELS Definition What is contained in the third layer of the alimentary canal wall? Term FIRST SET OF TEETH TO DEVELOP Definition What are decidious teeth? Term OROPHARYNX Definition What portion of the pharynx is located behind the palate and serves as a passageway for food and air? Term UPPER LEFT QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY Definition What quadrant is the stomach located in? Term ALONG THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF THE LIVER Definition Where is the gall bladder located? Term IN THE LIVER Definition Where is bile produced? Term PERISTALSIS Definition What are the involuntary muscle contractions that move food from the esophogus to the stomach? Term GALLBLADDER Definition Where is bile stored? Term ASSIST MOVEMENT AND ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS Definition What is the function of the villi in the small intestine? Term ACUTE INFLAMMATION OF THE LINING OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES Definition What is gastroenteritis? Term PEPTIC ULCER Definition What disorder is characterized by a lesion in the lining of the lower esophogus, stomach, or duodenum? Term CHOLELITHIASIS Definition What condition is characterized by the presence of gallstones? Term SIZE OF INJURY, FORCE OF INJURY, AFFECTED ORGANS Definition What three things determine the severity of a penetrating injury to the abdomen? Term LOCAL PAIN, DYSPHAGIA, DYSPNEA, ELEVATED TEMPERATURE, BLOOD-STAINED/EXCESSIVE SALIVATION Definition What are the sign and symptoms of esophageal trauma and perforations? Term LLQ OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY Definition Where is the sigmoid colon located? Term MUSCULAR LAYER Definition What is the layer of the alimentary canal that is responsible for moving substances through the canal? Term ESOPHAGUS Definition What part of the alimentary canal is between the pharynx and the stomach? Term CECUM Definition What does the ilcocecal valve in the small intestine connect to? Term CECUM Definition Undigested chyme passes from the ileum to the... Term COLON Definition What absorbs beneficial water for use by the body? Term HEMORRHOIDS Definition A patienT who complains of having the sensation of incomplete bowel movements is eshibiting a symptom of what condition? Term ABDOMINAL EVISCERATION Definition What is it called when a patient has abdominal organs protruding outside the body? Term SUPERIOR PORTION OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL CAVITY Definition Where are the kidneys located? Term RENAL PELVIS Definition What is the concave portion of the kidney called? Term KIDNEYS AND BLADDER Definition Between what two parts of the urinary system do the ureters extend? Term 1 1/2 INCHES Definition What is the approximate length of the female urethra? Term IT IS SQUEEZED INTO THE BOWMAN'S CAPSULE Definition What happens to the fluid waste that is filtered from the blood by capillaries in the glomerulus? Term 1,000 TO 1,800 MILLILITERS Definition What is the capacity of an adult's urinary bladder? Term RELAXATION OF THE EXTERNAL SPHINCTER OF THE URETHRA Definition What is the final step of the urination process? Term THE ABSENCE OF URINE Definition What is anuria? Term AN INCREASED PRODUCTION OF URINE Definition What is diuresis? Term AN EXCESSIVE OUTPUT OF URINE Definition What is polyuria? Term A CONDITION THAT EXISTS WHEN SUBSTANCES THAT ARE NORMALLY EXCRETED INTO THE URINE ACCUMULATE IN THE BLOOD Definition What is uremia? Term CALCIUM Definition What are most kidney stones composed of? Term AN INFECTION OF THE URINARY BLADDER Definition What is cystitis? Term PYLONEPHRITIS Definition What disorder results from exposure to a bacterial source, but it can also be caused by an obstruction, trauma, pregnancy, or metabolic disorders? Term THORACIC AND LUMBAR Definition Between which spinal regions in the posterior abdominal cavity are the kidneys found? Term 1 MILLION Definition Approximately how many nephrons are within each kidney? Term 10 INCHES Definition What is the approximate length of a ureter in an adult? Term A FLAP OF MUCOUS MEMBRANE Definition Backflow of urine into the ureter is prevented by what? Term 250 MILLILITERS Definition The urge to urinate is usually felt when the bladder contains approximately how much urine? Term DIURESIS Definition What is an increased production of urine known as? Term NEPHROLITHIASIS Definition What is the presence of stones in the kidney known as? Term WEIGHT LOSS Definition What is a common symptom of renal failure? Weight loss Hematuria Vomiting Nocturia Term TESTES Definition What are the primary male sex organs? Term PENIS AND SCROTUM Definition What are the two male external accessory sex organs? Term BELOW THE URINARY BLADDER Definition Where is the prostate gland located? Term EPIDIDYMIS AND SEMINAL VESICLE Definition What two male internal accessory sex organs does the vas deferens connect? Term EPIDIDYMIS Definition After sperm cells are produced, where do they mature? Term TOPROTECT SPERM FROM ACIDIC VAGINAL SECRETIONS Definition Why does the prostate gland secrete fluid into the ejaculatory duct? Term TESTOSTERONE Definition What male hormone is responsible for male characteristics (e.g., growth of body hair and thickening of vocal chords)? Term OVARIES Definition What are the primary female sex organs? Term LIGAMENTS Definition What holds ovaries in their position? Term THREE Definition How many layers does the uterine wall have? Term FOUR Definition How many female external accessory organs are there? Term 13 YEARS Definition At what age do females usually reach puberty? Term MENARCHE Definition What is the first menstrual cycle in the life of a female called? Term ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE Definition What are the two "female" hormones? Term APPROXIMATELY DAY 28 Definition When do mensus begin? Term SYPHALIS Definition What sexually transmitted disease is caused by the treponema pallidum? Term THE INITIAL ATTACK Definition When are the more painful sores of genital herpes usually experienced? Term CHLAMYDIA Definition What bacterial infection is similar to gonorrhea and can result in male prostate or epididymis infections? Term URETHRITIS Definition What condition in males is characterized by inflammation of the urethra? Term LOWER BACK, ABDOMEN, RECTUM, AND GLANS PENIS Definition Where is the pain that is commonly associated with prostatitus? Term VAGINITIS Definition What condition is characterized by inflammation of the vagina? Term ENDOMETRIOSIS Definition What condition is characterized by an abnormal growth of the uterine tissue outside the uterus? Term CONNECTIVE TISSUE Definition The testes are two oval-shaped structures that are made of... Term EPIDIDYMIS Definition What is the coiled tubule located on the top and to the side of each testis? Term EJACULATORY DUCT Definition Fluid is secreted from the seminal vesicles to help carry sperm through the... Term SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTIC Definition Growth of body hair on a male is a... Term TWO Definition How many main parts does each ovary have? Term CERVIX Definition What is the lower third of the uterus called? Term AN OVUM IS RELEASED FROM ONE OF THE OVARIES Definition When does the second phase of the menstrual cycle begin? Term 6 WEEKS TO 6 MONTHS AFTER INFECTION Definition When does secondary syphalis usually occur? Term CHLAMYDIA Definition Which untreated sexually transmitted disease can result in infections of the prostate and/or epididymis? Term EPIDIDYMITIS Definition What is an infection that usually spreads from the urinary tract or prostate gland to the epididymis? Term DYSMENORRHEA Definition What is painful menstruation known as? Term WITHIN THE ORBIT ON THE SIDE OF THE EYE Definition Where is the lacrimal gland located? Term SIX Definition How many extrinsic muscles extend from the outer surface of the eye to the bones of the orbit? Term WITHIN THE VITREOUS BODY Definition Where is vitreous humor located? Term MEDIAL RECTUS Definition What muscle causes the eye to rotate toward the midline? Term THE ABILITY OF THE LENS TO ADJUST TO FOCUS AT DIFFERENT DISTANCES Definition What is accommodation? Term CILIARY MUSCLES RELAX AND THE LENS BECOMES THINNER Definition What two actions occur in the lens when you look at a distant object? Term AURICLE (OR PINNA) AND EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL Definition What are the two external ear structures? Term LABYRINTH Definition What is the system of chambers and tubes in the inner ear called? Term 16,000 Definition Approximately how many hair cells are located in the organ of Corti? Term 20,000 Definition How many vibrations per second can normal hearing detect? Term EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL Definition What part of the ear does the pinna guide sound waves into? Term INTERPRETING HEAD AND BODY MOVEMENT Definition What does dynamic equilibrium involve? Term THREE Definition How many passageways are in the nasal conchae? Term UPPER POSTERIOR NASAL CAVITY Definition Where are the olfactory receptors located? Term PATHWAYS THAT EXTEND BEYOND OLFACTORY BULBS Definition What are "olfactory tracts"? Term SEVEN Definition How many primary odor groups can the nose detect Term OLFACTORY RECEPTORS ARE LOCATED HIGH IN THE NASAL CAVITY Definition Why are some odors difficult for us to detect? Term 50% Definition What percent of odor intensity is lost within the first second after receptor stimulation? Term LEFT EYE Definition What does "OS" mean? Term INFLAMMATION OF THE EYELID Definition What is blepharitis? Term 25% Definition What percentage of foreign bodies affect only the cornea? Term SIZE OF THE EUSTACHIAN TUBE Definition Why are children especially susceptible to ear disorders? Term SENSORINEURAL LOSS Definition What type of hearing loss is also referred to as perceptive loss? Term INFECTION Definition What is a common complication of a perforated tympanic membrane? Term SINUSITIS Definition What complication is considered to be a complication of an upper respiratory tract infection? Term ANTERIOR NASAL CAVITY Definition Where does epistaxis originate? Term POTENTIAL FOR THE FOREIGN BODIES TO BE INTRODUCED INTO THE RESPIRATORY TRACT AND LUNGS Definition What is the primary concern associated with foreign bodies in the nose? Term CORNEA AND THE LENS Definition Aqueous humor fills the space between the... Term RODS Definition What part of the eye is largely responsible for viewing dimly lit images? Term MIDDLE EAR Definition The auditory ossicles is located in the... Term COCHLEA Definition Movement of the stapes causes stimulation of fluid within the what? Term ONE OF THE SEVEN PRIMARY ODOR OR A COMBINATION OF AT LEAST TWO OF THEM Definition What makes up every odor? Term HORDEOLUM Definition What condition is an infection of an eyelash follicle? Term GLAUCOMA Definition What condition results from an increased pressure within the eye? Term AGING Definition Presbycusis is the loss of hearing attributed primarily to what? Term AN INFLAMATION OF THE NASAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE Definition What is rhinitis? Term SINUSITIS Definition What nasal condition is considered to be a resulting complication of an upper respiratory tract infection? Term TARGET CELLS Definition What are cells that act as hormone receptors called? Term PITUITARY GLAND Definition What is the "master gland"? Term PITUITARY GLAND Definition What gland secretes STH? Term PROLACTIN Definition What hormone promotes the production of maternal milk following childbirth? Term ON THE SUPERIOR PORTION OF EACH KIDNEY Definition Where are the adrenal glands located? Term THREE Definition How many hormones are secreted by the Islets of Langerhans? Term LIVER Definition Glucagon has a direct effect on which organ? Term HYPOTHYROIDISM Definition Memory impairment is a sign of what disorder of the endocrine system? Term YOUNG WOMEN Definition Who is primarily affected by subacute thyroiditis? Term ADRENAL GLANDS Definition What part of the endocrine system is affected by primary aldosteronism? Term ADDISON'S DISEASE Definition What disorder is associated with adrenocortical insufficiency? Term ANTERIOR LOBE AND THE POSTERIOR LOBE Definition The pituitary gland is divided into two sections called the... Term ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY GLAND Definition What secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)? Term ADRENAL Definition Which gland is shaped like a pyramid? Term NOREPINEPHRINE Definition Which hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla has little effect on blood sugar level? Term PORTION OF THE PANCREAS THAT HAS AN ENDOCRINE FUNCTION Definition What are the Islets of Langerhans? Term TARGET CELLS Definition Pituitary tumors often directly affect... Term SLOW PULSE Definition Which of the following is a symptom of hypothyroidism? Term WOMEN OVER 50 YEARS OLD Definition Hyperparathyroidism is most common in... Term DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS Definition Kussmaul's respirations are a sign of...