Term
Global Warming
What is global warming?
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Definition
| The gradual increase in the temperature of the earth's atmosphere, believed to be due to the greenhouse effect, |
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Term
Tittle: Energy
When do two objects repel each other? When do they attract |
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Definition
They Repel When they are the SAME charges.
They Attract when the are DIFFERENT charges. |
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Term
Energy
Explain the three ways an object can become statically charged. |
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Definition
Friction : the rubbing of two objects against each other when one or both are moving.
Induction: the process by which electric or magnetic forces are created in a circuit by being in proximity to an electric or magnetic field or a varying current without physical contact
Conduction:the passage of energy (like electricity) through something |
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Term
Energy (Electricity)
what type of material is a good conducter? What is a good insulater? |
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Definition
Most familiar conductors are metallic. Copper is the most common material used for electrical wiring. Silver is the best conductor, but is expensive. Gold is used for high-quality surface-to-surface contacts. Aluminium too is a good conductor.
Usually nonmetals. Rubber, plastic, wood, cloth, paper, Styrofoam, tinfoil (to reflect the heat.)
The most common insulator for electricity is plastic. |
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Term
Energy
An object with equal amount of protons and electrons has a _________ charge. |
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Definition
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Term
Energy
Know the parts of a ciruit: battery/dry cell, switch, light bulb, resistor, wires. |
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Definition
[image]light bulb
[image]switch
[image]battery
__________ wire
[image]resistor
[image]dry cell |
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Term
Energy
Compare and contrast between series and parellel circuits. |
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Definition
In a SREIES CIRCUIT if 1 light bulb goes out, the otheres go out too.[image]
In a PARELLEL CURCUIT if one light bulb goes out the otheres still stay on.[image] |
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Term
Energy
Explain what happens to appliances if one burns out in series or in a parellel circuit? |
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Definition
In a SREIES CIRCUIT if 1 light bulb goes out, the otheres go out too.
In a PARELLEL CURCUIT if one light bulb goes out the otheres still stay on. |
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Term
| what are names of the terminals on a battery? |
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Definition
Marine battery terminals [edit]
Zinc battery terminals [edit]
SLA battery terminals [edit]
UPS battery terminals[edit]
Dry battery terminals |
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Term
Energy
Current is the rate at which charges move through a ___________
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Definition
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Term
| whether or not charges will move in a material depends partly on how tightly ________ are held in the atoms of the materials. |
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Definition
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Term
ENERGY
Understand Ohms Law:
1.)What is Ohms law?
2.) What is Ohms Law used for? |
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Definition
1.) A law stating that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportiona; to resistence.
2.) Unless you're an electrical engineer or electrician, Ohm's Law will have little applicability to your daily life. It affects all sorts of things that you use (light bulbs, electric stoves, just about any other electrical circuit you can imagine), but it's only real application comes when performing circuit analysis, and that's not something people do in their everyday lives.
(TRIANGLE V / I x R)
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Term
Who Is Wegner and Why is he important to plate tectonics? |
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Definition
He dicovered Pangea and how it moved apart and what clues lead to his conclusion
(same plant and animal like and places that are far apart) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pangea is a super continent that but later split into north/south american....etc. it used to be one big sheet of land. |
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Term
| What is the theory of continental drift and give the evidences of this theory? |
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Definition
| the evidence is that there are similar rocks in areas very far apart, 2 is that there are coal mines in cold regions when all scientists know that coal is made in tropical(warm) temperatures and lastly the finding the fossils of animals to small to swim the long distances between land masses |
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Term
| What are magnetic stripes and how do they change over time? |
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Definition
| Paleomagnetism is stored in the rocks of the ocean basic and this provides a method for determining plate motions. It helps us know both the direction and rate of seafloor spreading. I am guessing you know that there are mid-ocean ridges that extrude lava. This lava crystalizes and solidifies when it cools and we can tell the directions of magnetism in the crystals. Earth's magnetic field periodically reverses polarity. The north magnetic pole becomes the south magnetic pole and vice versa. These geomagnetic reversals are recorded in the ocean crust and then we can date them. So basically, as we This is the most convincing evidence set forth to support the concept of continental drift and seafloor spreading. |
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Term
1.) What are the layers of the earth?
2.)how much volume does each layer make up? |
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Definition
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Term
1.) Where is the continental crust the thickest?
2.) where is it the thinnest? |
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Definition
1.) The crust is thickest under continents!(The crust is thickest under Mount Everest, where it's approx. 65km deep)
2.) At a rift zone which is a place where the crust is experiencing tensile stresses which leads to thinning and ultimately the formation of a new convergent plate boundary. |
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Term
| Compare and contrast oceanic crust and continental crust. Think density and thickness. |
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Definition
| There are two different types of crust: thin oceanic crust that underlies the ocean basins and thicker continental crust that underlies the continents. These two different types of crust are made up of different types of rock. The thin oceanic crust is composed of primarily of basalt and the thicker continental crust is composed primarily of granite. The low density of the thick continental crust allows it to "float" in high relief on the much higher density mantle below. |
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Term
| Give the features and sizes of the layers of Earth: Inner core, Outer core, Mantle, and crust. |
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Definition
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Term
| Radioactive materials have unstable _________. |
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Definition
| _________= Nuclei OR isotopes. |
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Term
| Compare and conrast convergent, divergent, and transform fault bounderies. |
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Definition
Transform Plate Movement (plates sliding past each other)-
Continental and Continental
-Conservative Plate Boundary
Convergent Plate Movement (plates move towards each other)-
Continental and Oceanic, Oceanic and Oceanic, Continental and Continental
-Destructive Plate Boundary
Divergent Plate Movement (plates move away from each other)-
Continental and continental, oceanic and oceanic
-Constructive Plate Boundary |
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Term
| Know what happened at San Andreas fault in Cali. |
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Definition
| During the 1906 earthquake in the San Francisco region, roads, fences, and rows of trees and bushes that crossed the fault were offset several yards, and the road across the head of Tomales Bay was offset almost 21 feet, the maximum offset recorded. In each case, the ground west of the fault moved relatively northward. |
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Term
| What are convection currents? |
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Definition
| Convection is the flow of heat through a bulk, macroscopic movement of matter from a hot region to a cool region, as opposed to the microscopic transfer of heat between atoms involved with conduction. |
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Term
| Give the basic features and natural disasters that come from each of the three plate bounderies. |
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Definition
Earthquake, volcano and tsunami can all be produced by a convergent divergent and transform boundary
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Term
| Where do the most earthquakes and volcanos occur? |
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Definition
| Earthquakes tend to occur on either side of the Pacific Ocean, including the Western coast of North and South America, as well as East Asian islands like Japan. This is because the crustal plates of these continents are moving and sliding over the plates that make up the Pacific Ocean floor. These areas are known as the Ring of Fire because they also contain many active volcanoes. Four out of every five earthquakes occur in the Ring of Fire. |
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Term
| what does a seismograph measure? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many seismographs do you need to find an epicenter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are P, S, and Surface waves? be able to read graphs and charts for the waves. |
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Definition
| P waves travel the fastest. Then S waves, then suraface waves. |
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Term
| What types of materials (solid, liquids, and gas) can each type of wave travel through? |
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Definition
P waves travel through solids, liquids, and gases.
S waves travel through solids and gases. NOT LIQUIDS
Surface wave travel Along Earths Surface |
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Term
What does a Richter scale measure?
How does a 3 versus a 7 on the scale? |
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Definition
The Richter magnitude scale (often shortened to Richter scale) was developed to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during an earthquake.
a 7 is bigger than 3 |
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Term
| Know the layers and pauses of the atmosphere ( tropo,strato,thermo,meso) |
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Definition
1.) Troposphere,
a.) TropoPause
2.)Stratosphere,
b.) StratoPause
3.) Mesosphere,
c,) MesoPause
4.)Thermosphere.
d.) ThermoPause |
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Term
| Explain the basic Charesteristic of the main atmospheric layers. |
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Definition
1) (4-12 miles high)The troposphere is the first layer above the surface and contains half of the Earth's atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer.
2) (31 miles high)Many jet aircrafts fly in the stratosphere because it is very stable. Also, the ozone layer absorbs harmful rays from the Sun.
3) (53 miles high)Meteors or rock fragments burn up in the mesosphere.
4) (430 miles high)The thermosphere is a layer with auroras. It is also where the space shuttle orbits.
5) (6,200 miles high)The atmosphere merges into space in the extremely thin exosphere. This is the upper limit of our atmosphere. |
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Term
How does the temerature change in the atmosphere
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Definition
| The cold air in the atmosphere cools the warm air as the warm air rises and turns it into cold air. |
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Term
| Explain where the ozone layer is and why it is important. How do CFC's change the onzone? |
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Definition
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere (second layer)
Ozone absorbs ultraviolet rays from the sun. Being exposed to large amounts of UV rays is what causes sunburns. UV exposure can also lead to many problems such as skin cancer (being exposed for too long actually causes damage to your DNA, which can then lead to cancer), cataracts, issues with crops, etc. Although the ozone layer doesn't block all UV radiation, it blocks a large amount of it and is vital to our lives on Earth.
The Man made chemicals that we release into the atmosphere destroys the the ozone. |
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Term
| Explain how and why carbon dioxide content changes the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three main types of clouds? |
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Definition
| Stratus. Cumulus. Cirrus. |
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Term
| What kind of weather does each cloud predict or bring? |
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Definition
Cumulus = white, puffy clouds that look like pieces of floating cotton. fair weather is predicted with these clouds around[image]
Stratus= Grayish clouds Light mist or srizzle is brought out of this cloud
[image]
Cirrus= Fair Pleasent weather (High Clouds)[image] |
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Term
| What is the relationship between air temperature dew point and humidity? Sketch a graph of the following. |
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Definition
| Relative humidity is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the amount of moisture actually in the air to the maximum amount that can be present at that temperature. The dew point is the temperature at which a given sample of air will have a relative humidity of 100 percent; hence, the saturation temperature. All three -- relative humidity, temperature and dew point -- are bound together in the mathematical relationship below. |
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Term
| Clouds appear when the air temperature is equal to the ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare and contrast the terms climate and weather. |
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Definition
| weather is a bunch of bizarre events that happens in the atmosphere all over the world. Climate helps you understand the weather in your own part of the world. |
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Term
| What variables define climate of a region? |
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Definition
While experiencing the climate as hot or cold, seldom do we realize that the climate is the result of a delicate balance between several elements, which include
- Atmosphere
- Water systems
- Living organisms
- Topography
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Term
| draw and describe the water cycle using the terms precipitation, condensation, evaperation, and transpiration (Transpiration is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.Transpiration also includes a process called guttation). |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a front? What two thing factors make up a front? |
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Definition
| a boundary betweeen warm and cold air. |
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Term
| Tell the difference between a cold air miss and a warm air mass. What type of weather and clouds does each type bring? |
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Definition
[image]goes down
[image]goes up |
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Term
| What does an isobar and an isotherm measure? |
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Definition
| Isobars and isotherms are lines on weather maps which represent patterns of pressure and temperature, respectively. They show how temperature and pressure are changing over space and so help describe the large-scale weather patterns across a region in the map. |
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Term
| Explain the difference between the terms continental, maritime, polar and tropical. What types of air masses do these terms make where do they originate from? |
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Definition
Continental Tropical
air mass is more hot and dry, and forms over water.
Maritime Tropical is more warm and moist and forms over land.They originate from warm and cold air masses. |
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Term
| How is thunder and lightning formed? |
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Definition
LIGHTNING
The frozen water droplets in the clouds collide with each other and creates an electric chargeThe positive charges or protons form at the top of the cloud and the negative charges or electrons form at the bottom of the cloud. Since opposites attract, that causes a positive charge to build up on the ground beneath the cloud. The grounds electrical charge concentrates around anything that sticks up, such as mountains, people, or single trees.
THUNDER
When the sound of the thunder goes faster than the speed of sound it makes a LOUD clap noise, alos known as thunder. |
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Term
| What charesteristics are necessary to form a thunderstorm? |
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Definition
| moisture, rising/unstable air, and a lifting mechanism |
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Term
| When do most thunderstorms, tornadoes, or hurricanes form? |
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Definition
When winds are at high altitude
NEED TO FINISH THIS ONE |
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Term
| What are the basic ingredients necessary to form a hurricane? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do hurricanes form and how are they categorized? |
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Definition
| Hurricanes only form over really warm ocean water of 80°F or warmer. The atmosphere (the air) must cool off very quickly the higher you go. |
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Term
| What type of air masses are necessary to create tornadoes? |
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Definition
| Most often a warm, moist air mass collides with a cool air mass, a cold air mass, or both. However, such a collision alone will only form thunderstorms. Other factors are needed for those storms to produce tornadoes. |
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Term
| Which direction does wind tend to turn in the northern and southern hemisphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| What charesteristics are necessary to create a blizzard? |
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Definition
1. Cold air (below freezing) is needed to make snow.
2. Moisture is needed to form clouds and precipitation.
3. Warm, rising air is needed to form clouds and cause precipitation. |
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Term
| Where does most of our energy come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain what happens to the earth when excess fossil fuels (hydrocarbons) are burned. |
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Definition
| It releases harmful chemicals into the atmosphere which destroys the ozone which can be VERY bad for human |
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Term
| compare and contrastkinetic versus potential energy (give ex. of both) |
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Definition
PE=Potential Energy= stored energy
KE=Kinetic Energy= energy in motion
EX: At the top of a rollercoster there is full potential energy, at the bottom is full kinetic energy |
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Term
| List and describe the 5 main types of energy. |
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Definition
The five main types of energy are : Mechanical, thermal energy, nuclear energy, chemical energy and electromagnetic energy. |
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Term
| Tell how energy can be transformed from source to source. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is nuclear fission and what does it create? |
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Definition
Either a radiactive decay, or, a nuclear reaction.
Nuclear fission is the process of splitting atoms, or fissioning them
STILL CAN ADD TO THIS
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Term
| What is the law of conservation of energy? |
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Definition
| the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time. The total energy is said to be conserved over time. |
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Term
| Tell the difference between renewable and non renewable resources. |
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Definition
The difference in:
renewable resources
1) the resources that can be renewed by reproduction are called renewable resources.
2) Renewable resources are inexhaustible.
3) Renewable resources are not affected by the human activities.
4) All biotic resources are renewable.
5) For example: air and water.
non-renewable resources
1)the resources that are present in fixed quantities are called non-renewable resources.
2) Non-renewable resources are inexhaustible.
3) Non renewable resources are affected by human activities.
4) Some abiotic resources are non-renewable.
5) For example- fossil fuels and minerals. |
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Term
| Explain how combustion occurs. |
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Definition
| organic molecules are heated up until they become vapor. The vapor rises to the flash point and ignites or combines chemically with oxygen. That exothermic reaction raises the temperature which causes more organic compounds to vaporize. That increases the size of the flame and heat. The smoke is the vapor. Fire is the ionized gas or plasma. |
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Term
| List and describe the types, formation, and sources of fossil fuels |
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Definition
| Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead plants and animals. |
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Term
| List the types of alternative energy sources |
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Definition
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Bioenergy
Hydropower
Ocean Energy
Hydrogen & Fuel Cells |
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Term
| How does using alternitive energy sources help the enviornments? |
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Definition
| Because there is an infinite amount of it that you can you can use of it, as long as it is around. unlike NONrenewable resources, once its gone, its gone. |
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Term
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Definition
| In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is a material which contains movable electric charges. |
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Term
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Definition
A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of |
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Term
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Definition
| An electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts |
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Term
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Definition
| The SI unit of electrical resistance, expressing the resistance in a circuit transmitting a current of one ampere when subjected to a |
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Term
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Definition
| A mathemmatical unit that you can divide or mult. with ohms or volts |
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Term
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Definition
| A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. This action is manifest as crustal extension, a spreading apart of the surface, which is subsequently further deepened by the forces of erosion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake |
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Term
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Definition
| The atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form. |
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