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Chapter 11 : Modern Atomic Theory
- Rutherford's gold experiment and his atomic model
- Understand the info provided be the 1st two quantum numbers that describe an orbital
- Know sublevels and orbitals within each energy level
- Know the order of filling the electron orbitals
- Know periodic trends in atomic and ionic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity |
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Definition
- used gold foil and shot ray of
- 1st quantum number (1,2,3) describes energy and size of the orbital
2nd quantum number (s,p,d,f) describes the shape of the orbital
- s is the first two p, d, f
- trends include atomic mass, formula of its chloride, formula of oxide, formula of hydroxide |
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Chapter 12 : Chemical Bonding
- Differentiate between ionic, polar covalent, and nonpolar covalent bonding
- understand that molecular geometrey is based on the idea of electron pair repulsion around a central atom (VSPER theory)
- be able to determine molecular geometry (name and bond angle) and molecular polarity from a correctly drawn Lewis structure |
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Definition
- ionic = attraction between an cation and an anion
polar covalent = unequal sharing of electron pair
nonpolar covalent = equal sharing of electron pair
-VSPER ???
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Chapter 13: Gases
- Understand the relationships between pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of a gas
- Know STP conditions
- Understand the concept of absolute zero |
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Definition
- pressure = random motion of gas molecules and their collisions with a surface
volume = amount of space
temp = V1/T1=V2/T2
moles = V1/N1 = V2/N2
- STP ( 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.3 KPa )
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Chapter 14 : Liquids and Solids
- Differentiate between the types of intermolecular forces: dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonding and effect of these forces on the phsical properties (boiling point, vapor pressure) of liquids
-Understand the definition of boiling pointand how the boiling point of a liquid can be changed by changing the external pressure on the liquid
- Be able to interpret a heating/cooling curve for a substance and understand energy changes that are taking place (kinetic vs potential)
- Know the different properties of the four types of solids (ionic, molecular, metallic, network covalent) |
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Definition
-dispersion= caused by the random motion of electrons giving rise to unsymmetrical distribution of charge
dipole dipole = polar
hydrogen= special dipole dipole |
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