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| the scientific study of the way in which people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people |
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"opposites attract"
often contradictory, false beliefs & sayings |
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| the way in which people perceive, comprehend, and interpret the social world |
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| senses provide us with direct knowledge and understanding of the world. We perceive the world, exactly as it is. ** This was NOT in the notes or textbook... I got this offline ** |
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| Tendency for people to exaggerate how much they could have predicted an outcome after knowing that it occurred -- "I knew it all along" |
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| fundamental attribution error |
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| tendency to overestimate the extent to which people's behavior is due to internal, dispositional factors, and to underestimate the role of situation factors |
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| our tendency to see ourselves as more favorably than we might actually be |
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| people throw dice harder when they want higher numbers, and softer if they want lower numbers |
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| scientific method/ theory refinement |
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| Experimenters manipulate a variable in order to observe an outcome |
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observational designs
a. archival research/analyses |
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| a form of observational method in which the researcher examines the accumulated documents, or archives of a culture (eg. diaries, novels, magazines, and newspapers) |
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observational designs
b. ethnographic research |
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| the method by which researchers attempt to understand a group or culture by observing it from the inside, without imposing any preconceived notions they might have. |
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| the level of agreement between two or more people who independently observe and code a set of data; by showing that 2+ judges independently come up with the same observations, researchers ensure that the observations are not the subjective, distorted impressions of one individual |
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| the technique whereby 2+ variables are systematically measured and the relationship between them (ie, how much one can be predicted from the other) is assessed |
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Study puts forth correlation that A causes B when in fact, the reverse is true: B causes A.
eg.Having sex is negatively correlated with getting a cold - having a cold, you might not want to have sex... so it's really the other way around |
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Study finds A causes B... third variable changes correlation
eg.Having a pet is negatively correlated with becoming a delinquent
socio-economic status
not having money can lead to not being able to afford a pet... and poor families usually are more likely to have delinquent backgrounds |
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